Problem 49
Calculate the grams of solute needed to prepare each of the following solutions: a. \(2.00 \mathrm{~L}\) of a \(1.50 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\) solution b. \(4.00 \mathrm{~L}\) of a \(0.200 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{KCl}\) solution c. \(25.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(6.00 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl}\) solution
Problem 51
What volume is needed to obtain each of the following amounts of solute? a. liters of a \(2.00 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{KBr}\) solution to obtain \(3.00 \mathrm{moles}\) of \(\mathrm{KBr}\) b. liters of a \(1.50 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaCl}\) solution to obtain \(15.0 \mathrm{moles}\) of \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) c. milliliters of a \(0.800 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) solution to obtain \(0.0500 \mathrm{~mole}\) of \(\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\)
Problem 52
What volume is needed to obtain each of the following amounts of solute? a. liters of \(4.00 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{KCl}\) solution to obtain \(0.100 \mathrm{~mole}\) of \(\mathrm{KCl}\) b. liters of a \(6.00 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl}\) solution to obtain \(5.00 \mathrm{moles}\) of \(\mathrm{HCl}\) c. milliliters of a \(2.50 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) solution to obtain \(1.20\) moles of \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \overline{\mathrm{SO}}_{4}\)
Problem 53
To make tomato soup, you add one can of water to the condensed soup. Why is this a dilution?
Problem 54
A can of frozen lemonade calls for the addition of three cans of water to make a pitcher of the beverage. Why is this a dilution?
Problem 55
Calculate the concentration of each of the following diluted solutions: a. \(2.0 \mathrm{~L}\) of a \(6.0 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl}\) solution is added to water so that the final volume is \(6.0 \mathrm{~L}\). b. Water is added to \(0.50 \mathrm{~L}\) of a \(12 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\) solution to make \(3.0 \mathrm{~L}\) of a diluted \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) solution. c. A \(10.0-\mathrm{mL}\) sample of a \(25 \%(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{v})\) KOH solution is diluted with water so that the final volume is \(100.0 \mathrm{~mL}\). d. A \(50.0\) -mL sample of a \(15 \%(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{v}) \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) solution is added to water to give a final volume of \(250 \mathrm{~mL}\).
Problem 56
Calculate the concentration of each of the following diluted solutions: a. \(1.0 \mathrm{~L}\) of a \(4.0 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) solution is added to water so that the final volume is \(8.0 \mathrm{~L}\). b. Water is added to \(0.25 \mathrm{~L}\) of a \(6.0 \mathrm{M}\) NaF solution to make 2.0 L of a diluted NaF solution. c. A \(50.0-\mathrm{mL}\) sample of an \(8.0 \%(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{v}) \mathrm{KBr}\) solution is diluted with water so that the final volume is \(200.0 \mathrm{~mL}\). d. A \(5.0\) -mL sample of a \(50.0 \%\) (m/v) acetic acid \(\left(\mathrm{HC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)\) solution is added to water to give a final volume of \(25 \mathrm{~mL}\).
Problem 57
What is the volume, in milliliters, of each of the following diluted solutions? a. A \(1.5 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl}\) solution prepared from \(20.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(6.0 \mathrm{M}\) \(\mathrm{HCl}\) solution b. A \(2.0 \%(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{v}) \mathrm{LiCl}\) solution prepared from \(50.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(10.0 \%(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{v}) \mathrm{LiCl}\) solution c. A \(0.500 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) solution prepared from \(50.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(6.00 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) solution d. A \(5.0 \%(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{v})\) glucose solution prepared from \(75 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(12 \%(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{v})\) glucose solution
Problem 59
Determine the volume, in milliliters, required to prepare each of the following diluted solutions: a. \(255 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(0.200 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) solution from a \(4.00 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) solution b. \(715 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(0.100 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) solution using a \(6.00 \mathrm{M}\) \(\mathrm{Mg} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) solution c. \(0.100 \mathrm{~L}\) of a \(0.150 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{KCl}\) solution using an \(8.00 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{KCl}\) solution
Problem 60
Determine the volume, in milliliters, required to prepare each of the following diluted solutions: a. \(20.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(0.250 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{KNO}_{3}\) solution from a \(6.00 \mathrm{M}\) \(\mathrm{KNO}_{3}\) solution b. \(25.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(2.50 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) solution using a \(12.0 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) solution c. \(0.500 \mathrm{~L}\) of a \(1.50 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\) solution using a \(10.0 \mathrm{M}\) \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\) solution
