Problem 52
How many of the indicated atoms are represented by each chemical formula: (a) carbon atoms in \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{9} \mathrm{COOCH}_{3}\), (b) oxygen atoms in \(\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{ClO}_{3}\right)_{2},(\mathbf{c})\) hydrogen atoms in \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{HPO}_{4} ?\)
Problem 55
Write the molecular and structural formulas for the compounds represented by the following models: $$ \begin{array}{l|c|c|c|c} \hline \text { Symbol } & { }^{58} \mathrm{Fe}^{2+} & & & \\ \hline \text { Protons } & & 50 & & 40 \\ \text { Neutrons } & & 68 & 78 & 50 \\ \text { Electrons } & & & 54 & 38 \\ \text { Net charge } & & 4+ & 2- & \\ \hline \end{array} $$
Problem 57
Each of the following elements is capable of forming an ion in chemical reactions. By referring to the periodic table, predict the charge of the most stable ion of each: (a) Be, (b) Rb, (c) As, (d) In, (e) At.
Problem 58
Using the periodic table, predict the charge of the most stable ion of the following elements: \((\mathbf{a}) \mathrm{Li},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{Ba},(\mathbf{c})\) Po,(d) I, \((\mathbf{e})\) Sb.
Problem 59
Using the periodic table to guide you, predict the chemical formula and name of the compound formed by the following elements: \((\mathbf{a})\) Ga and \(\mathrm{F},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{Li}\) and \(\mathrm{H},(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{Al}\) and \(\mathrm{I},(\mathbf{d}) \mathrm{K}\) and \(\mathrm{S}\).
Problem 60
The most common charge associated with selenium is \(2-\). Indicate the chemical formulas you would expect for compounds formed between selenium and (a) barium, (b) lithium, (c) aluminum.
Problem 61
Predict the chemical formulas of the ionic compound formed by (a) \(\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{OH}^{-},\) (b) \(\mathrm{Cs}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\), (c) \(\mathrm{V}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COO}^{-},(\mathbf{d}) \mathrm{Li}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{PO}_{4}^{3-},(\mathbf{e}) \mathrm{In}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{O}^{2-} .\)
Problem 62
Predict the chemical formulas of the compounds formed by the following pairs of ions: (a) \(\mathrm{Cr}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{CN}^{-}\), (b) \(\mathrm{Mn}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{ClO}_{4}^{-}\), (c) \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}^{2-}\), (d) \(\mathrm{Cd}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\), (e) \(\mathrm{Ti}^{4+}\) and \(\mathrm{O}^{2-}\).
Problem 63
Complete the table by filling in the formula for the ionic compound formed by each pair of cations and anions, as shown for the first pair. $$ \begin{array}{l|l|l|l|l} \hline \text { Ion } & \mathrm{K}^{+} & \mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+} & \mathrm{Mg}^{2+} & \mathrm{Fe}^{3+} \\ \hline \mathrm{Cl}^{-} & \mathrm{KCl} & & & \\ \mathrm{OH}^{-} & & & & \\ \mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-} & & & & \\ \mathrm{PO}_{4}^{3-} & & & & \\ \hline \end{array} $$
Problem 64
Complete the table by filling in the formula for the ionic compound formed by each pair of cations and anions, as shown for the first pair. $$ \begin{array}{c|c|c|c|c} \hline \text { Ion } & \mathrm{Na}^{+} & \mathrm{Ca}^{2+} & \mathrm{Fe}^{2+} & \mathrm{Al}^{3+} \\ \hline \mathrm{O}^{2-} & \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O} & & & \\ \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-} & & & & \\ \mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-} & & & & \\ \mathrm{AsO}_{4}{ }^{3-} & & & & \\ \hline \end{array} $$
