Problem 14
When \(\mathrm{Na}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(a q)\) is added to a solution containing a metal ion and a precipitate forms, the precipitate generally could be one of two possibilities. What are the two possibilities?
Problem 15
The common ion effect for ionic solids (salts) is to significantly decrease the solubility of the ionic compound in water. Explain the common ion effect.
Problem 16
Sulfide precipitates are generally grouped as sulfides insoluble in acidic solution and sulfides insoluble in basic solution. Explain why there is a difference between the two groups of sulfide precipitates.
Problem 17
List some ways one can increase the solubility of a salt in water.
Problem 18
The solubility of \(\mathrm{PbCl}_{2}\) increases with an increase in temperature. Is the dissolution of \(\mathrm{PbCl}_{2}(s)\) in water exothermic or endothermic? Explain.
Problem 20
The step wise formation constants for a complex ion usually have values much greater than 1. What is the significance of this?
Problem 21
Silver chloride dissolves readily in \(2M \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) but is quite insoluble in \(2M \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3}\) . Explain.
Problem 23
Write balanced equations for the dissolution reactions and the corresponding solubility product expressions for each of the following solids. a. \(A g C_{2} H_{3} O_{2}\) b. \(A l(O H)_{3}\) c. \(C a_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}\)
Problem 24
Write balanced equations for the dissolution reactions and the corresponding solubility product expressions for each of the following solids a. \(\mathrm{Ag}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) b. \(\mathrm{Ce}\left(\mathrm{IO}_{3}\right)_{3}\) c. \(\mathrm{BaF}_{2}\)
Problem 25
Use the following data to calculate the \(K_{\mathrm{sp}}\) value for each solid. a. The solubility of \(\mathrm{CaC}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\) is \(4.8 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{mol} / \mathrm{L}\) . b. The solubility of \(\mathrm{BiI}_{3}\) is \(1.32 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{mol} / \mathrm{L}\) .
