Question

Which of the following are most cited as major problems resulting from climate change? A. deforestation and desertification B. increased risk of infectious disease and aging population C. more extreme weather and rising sea levels D. urban overcrowding and crime

Short answer

Option C.

Step-by-step solution

Identify Major Problems of Climate Change

Consider the commonly recognized major issues associated with climate change. Often mentioned problems include more extreme weather, rising sea levels, and changes to ecosystems and habitats.

Analyze Each Option

Review each given option to determine if it includes major climate change-related problems.- Option A: Deforestation and desertification, while environmental issues, are not directly the most cited consequences of climate change.- Option B: Increased risk of infectious disease and aging population are societal concerns but are not primary climate change issues.- Option C: More extreme weather and rising sea levels are well-documented consequences of climate change.- Option D: Urban overcrowding and crime primarily relate to social and economic issues, not climate change.

Select the Correct Option

Determine that the option specifically highlighting commonly noted consequences of climate change is Option C.

Key concepts

Extreme Weather

One of the most visible consequences of climate change is the increase in extreme weather events. These events include more intense and frequent hurricanes, heatwaves, droughts, and heavy rainfall.

Extreme weather can lead to significant damage to homes, infrastructure, and agriculture. For example, hurricanes can destroy coastal communities, while heatwaves can harm crops and human health.

To mitigate these impacts, communities are investing in more robust infrastructure and early warning systems. But adaptation has its limits, highlighting the need for global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Rising Sea Levels

Rising sea levels are another major consequence of climate change. This occurs due to the melting of polar ice caps and glaciers, as well as the expansion of seawater as it warms.

Higher sea levels threaten coastal areas with increased flooding, erosion, and loss of habitat for plants, animals, and even people. Some low-lying areas and small island nations are particularly vulnerable and may face displacement.

Efforts to combat rising sea levels include building sea walls, restoring wetlands, and planning for managed retreats. These measures aim to protect communities and ecosystems from the encroaching seas.

Ecosystem Changes

Climate change leads to significant disruptions in ecosystems. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns affect plant and animal species, often resulting in shifts in habitat ranges.

Some species may thrive in the changing conditions, while others face extinction. For example, warmer temperatures can benefit some pests and invasive species, negatively impacting native biodiversity.

Conservation efforts, such as protecting critical habitat areas and implementing sustainable land use practices, aim to preserve vulnerable ecosystems. Actions must be taken to address both the direct and indirect effects of climate change on the environment.