Question

Which of the following did Carl Rogers believe fosters a congruent self- concept? A. conditional love B. appropriate role models C. immediate-need gratification D. unconditional love

Short answer

A) Conditional Love B) Appropriate Role Models C) Immediate-need Gratification D) Unconditional Love Answer: D) Unconditional Love

Step-by-step solution

Explore Carl Rogers' Theory

To answer this question, we first need to understand the basics of Carl Rogers' theory. Rogers believed that people have an innate drive to grow and develop, called self-actualization. He proposed that for healthy growth and optimal functioning, individuals need to experience certain conditions in their environment, mainly positive regard (acceptance, love, and respect) from important people in their lives.

Evaluate Option A (Conditional Love)

Conditional love means that love, acceptance, and respect are given only under certain conditions (usually related to behavior or performance). According to Rogers, conditional love hinders the development of a congruent self-concept, as it forces individuals to conform to others' expectations, often at the expense of their true feelings and beliefs. Therefore, this option is not the correct answer.

Evaluate Option B (Appropriate Role Models)

While appropriate role models can be beneficial to personal development, Rogers' theory does not emphasize their importance in the development of a congruent self-concept. Steering away from external factors, Rogers focused on the internal experiences and the self-actualization drive of individuals. So, this option is not the correct answer.

Evaluate Option C (Immediate-need Gratification)

Immediate-need gratification means satisfying one's needs and desires instantly, without considering the consequences or long-term goals. This concept is not related to Rogers' theory of congruent self-concept. Instead, Rogers mainly highlighted the importance of the individual's internal growth process and psychological needs, rather than satisfying instant desires. This option is not the correct answer.

Evaluate Option D (Unconditional Love)

Unconditional love, according to Rogers, means accepting and valuing a person for who they are, regardless of their actions or accomplishments. This kind of love allows individuals to explore their true feelings, beliefs, and experience without fear of rejection or disapproval from important figures in their lives. This creates a conducive environment for the development of a congruent self-concept. Therefore, this option is the correct answer.

Conclusion

According to Carl Rogers' theory, unconditional love (Option D) fosters the development of a congruent self-concept, as it provides individuals with the necessary environment for self-exploration and growth without fear of rejection or disapproval. The other options do not contribute to the development of a congruent self-concept in line with Rogers' ideas.