Question

The predictable pattern of forgetting that shows that we forget more and more over time but that the rate of forgetting declines with time is known as ______. a. absent-mindedness b. forgetting curve c. repression d. anterograde amnesia

Short answer

Forgetting curve (option b).

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Question

We need to identify the term that describes a pattern of forgetting where forgetting initially happens rapidly and then slows down over time.

Review Answer Choices

Let's go through each option: - a. Absent-mindedness: Relates to inattention and sporadic memory lapses. - b. Forgetting curve: Describes the pattern of forgetting information over time, which is exactly what the question is describing. - c. Repression: Refers to unconsciously blocking out painful or unwanted memories. - d. Anterograde amnesia: A loss of the ability to create new memories after an event that caused amnesia.

Select the Best Fit

Based on the definitions, the forgetting curve (option b) best describes the pattern mentioned—where we forget rapidly at first, and then the rate of forgetting slows.

Key concepts

Memory Retention

Memory retention refers to the brain's ability to store, maintain, and recall information over time. How long the information is retained depends on several factors, including the importance of the information, the emotional impact, and the frequency of retrieval. The key to effective memory retention is regular review, which helps reinforce the memory pathways in the brain and make recall easier.

To improve memory retention, consider the following strategies:

• Repetition: Revisit information regularly to strengthen memory.
• Association: Connect new information with already known concepts.
• Visualization: Form mental images to enhance memory connections.
• Active retrieval: Test yourself on the material to reinforce learning.

Overall, improving memory retention can lead to better academic performance and more effective learning.

Decay Theory

Decay theory suggests that memories fade over time due to the weakening of memory traces. This theory implies that the longer a memory is not accessed, the more likely it is to be forgotten. It assumes that memories are like paths in a forest—if not walked upon, they gradually become overgrown and lost.

Some key points about decay theory include:

• Time factor: Forgetting occurs simply due to the passage of time.
• No new learning: Forgetting happens when there is no interference from new information.
• Short-term focus: Primarily explains the forgetting of short-term memories rather than long-term ones.

While decay theory offers a straightforward explanation for forgetting, it does not account for the complexities of memory retention influenced by emotional factors and retrieval practice.

Ebbinghaus

Hermann Ebbinghaus was a pioneering psychologist who conducted groundbreaking research on memory and forgetting. He developed the concept known as the 'forgetting curve,' which visually represents how information is lost over time without reinforcement or review. The forgetting curve reveals that:

• Rapid decline: The largest amount of forgetting happens soon after learning.
• Slowing rate: After the initial drop, the rate of forgetting levels off.
• Implication: Regular review and revisiting materials counteract the forgetting curve.

Ebbinghaus's work emphasized the significance of spacing repetition over time to combat forgetting. His research laid the foundation for modern memory studies and serves as a reminder of the importance of structured review sessions to enhance learning.