Question

Describe the nature versus nurture controversy, and give an example of a trait and how it might be influenced by each?

Short answer

The 'nature vs nurture' controversy debates the extent to which our behavior is determined by genetic inheritance (nature) or learned through interacting with the environment (nurture). An example of a trait is intelligence, which can be influenced by genetics (nature) determining our inherent learning and reasoning capabilities, and by environmental factors (nurture) like education and cultural background determining learning opportunities and development.

Step-by-step solution

Describe the nature versus nurture controversy

The 'nature versus nurture' debate is a longstanding controversy in the field of psychology. It involves the extent to which certain aspects of behavior are a product of either inherited (nature, i.e., genetic) or acquired (nurture, i.e., learned) characteristics. Nature refers to all the genes and hereditary factors that influence who we are, including our physical appearance, personality traits, and health. Nurture refers to all the environmental variables that impact who we are, such as early childhood experiences, how we were raised, our social relationships, and our surrounding culture.

Identify a Trait and Describe its Nature Influence

Let's take the trait 'intelligence' as an example. The nature aspect of intelligence refers to the genetic factors that influence our inherent capacity to learn, reason, and solve problems. Studies on identical twins raised apart have shown strong genetic influences on intelligence, suggesting that there is a significant nature contribution.

Describe the Nurture Influence on the Trait

On the nurture side, intelligence can be significantly influenced by factors such as early childhood education, family background, cultural environment, and access to resources. For example, a stimulating learning environment and access to educational resources can enhance intellectual abilities, suggesting a critical role for nurture in shaping intelligence.