Question

The process of closing large asylums and providing for people to stay in the community to be treated locally is known as _______ a. deinstitutionalization b. exorcism c. deactivation d. decentralization

Short answer

The correct term is a. Deinstitutionalization.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Problem

The question is asking for a term that describes the process of closing large mental institutions, such as asylums, and instead, treating individuals in their local communities.

Define Each Term

a. Deinstitutionalization: This term refers to the process of replacing long-stay psychiatric hospitals with less segregating community mental health services. \n b. Exorcism: This is a religious or spiritual practice of evicting demons or other spiritual entities from a person or area. \n c. Deactivation: This usually refers to the process of making something inactive or ineffective. \n d. Decentralization: This is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group.

Determine the Correct Term

From the descriptions, it is clear that the term deinstitutionalization correctly fits the process asked for in the question.

Key concepts

community mental health services

Community mental health services are essential in providing accessible care to individuals outside of traditional hospital settings. These services focus on integrating mental health care into local areas where people live, work, and engage with their communities.
They encompass a wide range of support, including counseling, therapy, medication management, and crisis intervention.

By providing these services within the community, individuals can maintain family connections and social networks. It also helps reduce the stigma often associated with mental health problems. Community-based care emphasizes continuity and holistic approaches, ensuring that individuals receive comprehensive and personalized treatment.
Often, community services work closely with local organizations, schools, and healthcare providers to create a support network that addresses the needs of the whole person.

psychiatric hospitals

Psychiatric hospitals have been traditional centers for mental health treatment. These hospitals provide intensive and specialized care for individuals with severe mental health conditions.

Historically, these institutions have supported patients needing constant medical care, supervision, or those considered a danger to themselves or others.
With advances in treatment and understanding mental health, the role of psychiatric hospitals has evolved.

- They offer acute care and stabilization for patients in crisis - Provide specialized therapy programs and rehabilitation

However, overreliance on large-scale institutions can lead to patient isolation from their communities. Deinstitutionalization aimed to address these issues by shifting focus from long-term hospitalization to community-based care options.

mental health treatment

Mental health treatment encompasses a variety of interventions designed to support individuals experiencing mental health issues.
The treatment approach often depends on the severity and type of the condition, ranging from psychological therapies to pharmacological interventions.

- **Psychological therapies**: include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and interpersonal therapy (IT). - **Pharmacological treatments**: involve the use of medications such as antidepressants, antipsychotics, or mood stabilizers.

A combination of therapies is common, allowing for a more comprehensive treatment plan. Importantly, mental health treatment is highly individualized, considering personal history, preferences, and specific needs.
Additionally, holistic approaches, including lifestyle changes, exercise, and nutrition, play a significant role in promoting mental wellness.

local treatment

Local treatment refers to providing mental health care within the community, ensuring accessibility for the individuals who need them.
This concept is pivotal in the deinstitutionalization movement, aiming to offer care that is both close to home and integrated into the communities where people live.

Benefits of local treatment include:

• Reducing travel barriers for care
• Facilitating family involvement in the therapeutic process
• Greater personalization of services, tailoring treatment to local cultural needs

By focusing on local resources, this approach ensures that mental health support is part of everyday life, rather than a separate or isolated part of a person's health care.