Question

Identify the strategy used in each of the following examples. Choose from: trial and error, algorithm, heuristic, insight, representativeness heuristic, availability heuristic, and single-feature model. Laura is trying to construct a house out of LEGO building blocks. She tries blocks of different shapes until she finds one that fits.

Short answer

The strategy used by Laura in constructing a house out of LEGO building blocks is trial and error.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the scenario

Laura is trying to construct a house out of LEGO building blocks. She is trying different shapes of blocks until she finds one that fits. Step 2: Analyze the strategies used

Analyze the strategies used

In this scenario, Laura is not following a specific set of rules (algorithm) or using a mental shortcut (heuristic). She is also not relying on her past experience or knowledge (insight). Instead, she is trying different blocks, one at a time, and checking whether they fit. This approach is known as trial and error. Based on the analysis, the answer is:

Strategy Identified

The strategy used by Laura in constructing a house out of LEGO building blocks is trial and error.

Key concepts

Trial and Error

Trial and error is a basic problem-solving strategy that involves testing various possibilities until a successful solution is found. It's a straightforward but sometimes time-consuming method. In the context of our example with Laura and her LEGO blocks, she tries different block shapes one-by-one. This is done without a predetermined plan or sequence.
This strategy is often used when:

• The problem is relatively simple.
• There is no time pressure to find an immediate solution.
• A more systematic or structured approach isn't available or necessary.

While trial and error can sometimes appear inefficient, it is useful in situations where learning and insight are gained through experimentation. As you continue trying different methods, you may become more adept at anticipating which attempts might be successful.

Algorithm

An algorithm is a methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem. Unlike trial and error, an algorithm follows a step-by-step process, ensuring precision and accuracy. In mathematical terms, algorithms are often expressed through formulas or sequences of operations. For instance, using the quadratic formula to solve a quadratic equation is an example of an algorithm.
This strategy is best when:

• The problem is complex but well-defined.
• You need consistent results without deviations.
• There is the need to avoid the pitfalls of randomness.

While highly effective, algorithms may require more time initially to develop and understand, but they offer a reliable solution once in place. They're crucial in areas like computer programming, data analysis, and any field that demands repeatable outcomes.

Heuristic

Heuristics are mental shortcuts that allow people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently. These strategies do not always guarantee a solution but can simplify complex problems by cutting down the potential solution paths. They are based on experience or common sense, rather than following a rigorous procedure.
Key features of heuristics include:

• Allowing rapid processing of information.
• Functioning well under time constraints.
• Providing satisfactory solutions that are good enough.

An example of a heuristic is using the rule of thumb method. For instance, if you are in a new city and looking for a good restaurant, you might choose one that is crowded with locals, assuming it has good food. Heuristics are powerful in everyday decision-making but should be applied with caution, as they can sometimes lead to errors or biases.

Insight

Insight is a sudden realization or understanding of a problem's solution. Often referred to as the "aha moment," insight happens when the solution to a problem comes to you unexpectedly, usually owing to a new perspective or view of the problem. Insight differs from systematic problem-solving techniques as it doesn't involve continuous attempts or procedural steps.
Characteristics of insight:

• Occurs spontaneously without a gradual approach.
• Involves synthesizing different elements of the problem.
• May arise from reframing or reinterpreting the problem scenario.

For example, consider the story of Archimedes and the discovery of the principle of buoyancy. The realization came to him suddenly as he observed the displacement of water while taking a bath. Insight can be an incredibly effective solution when it occurs but is unpredictable and often difficult to harness intentionally.