Question

______________ are standards used to compare scores of different people taking the same test.

Short answer

The term is 'norms'. They are the standards used to compare scores of different people taking the same test.

Step-by-step solution

Identify the Concept

The term we're looking for applies to testing and statistical comparisons. When it states the question, it's asking about a standard that's used for comparison. Given this, it's clear that the question is related to standardized testing, which is a type of testing where the same test is given to all participants. It's a method often used in education to measure a student's aptitude in comparison to others.

Apply Understanding of the Concept

When we talk about standards used to compare scores from different people taking the same test, we're referring to 'norms'. These are predetermined standards of performance that allow us to place individual scores in a broader context. A norm establishes the criteria used to interpret and classify an individual's performance as superior, average, or below average.

Finalize the Answer

So, using the concept of standardized testing and understanding of norms we learnt from Statistics, we can conclude the answer.

Key concepts

Norms

Norms are fundamental components in standardized testing. Essentially, norms serve as benchmarks or reference points, providing a framework to assess individual scores.
This helps to map out where a test-taker stands in relation to a predefined group. For example, if a child scores in the 90th percentile on a math test, it means their performance is better than 90% of the peers in the norm group.

Why are norms so crucial? They allow educators and psychologists to:

• Understand individual performance compared to group performance.
• Identify areas where a student may need further support or challenge.
• Ensure that test results are interpreted consistently across different populations.

By establishing norms, we can have a standard of comparison that brings meaning to the test scores, making them more than just numbers.

Statistical Comparisons

Statistical comparisons in standardized testing involve measuring a student's performance against a norm group. This process includes the use of various statistical tools and methods to ensure fair and meaningful evaluations.
One such method could be calculating the mean, median, and mode of scores, which helps describe the typical performance of a group.

Let's dive deeper into some key aspects of statistical comparisons:

• Mean: This average score gives insight into the overall performance level of the group.
• Standard Deviation: This tells us how spread out the scores are, indicating consistency or variability.
• Percentiles: Represent the position of a score within a distribution. It's a simple way to understand how a student fares compared to their peers.

Statistical comparisons are essential to ensure accuracy and fairness in evaluating everyone's capabilities.

Performance Standards

Performance standards in standardized testing define what is considered an adequate level of achievement. They represent the criteria against which all test scores are evaluated and imply what a student is expected to know or do at each level.
These standards are not just numbers. They often embody skills, knowledge bases, or competencies that the students must showcase.

Performance standards help educators:

• Set realistic and challenging goals for students.
• Communicate clear expectations regarding what needs to be learned.
• Generate data that can be used to improve educational strategies and policy decisions.

Without performance standards, interpreting test scores could be ambiguous, making it harder to determine whether students meet or exceed educational goals. When used correctly, these standards are pivotal in tracking educational progress and ensuring accountability.