Question

Difficulty in accessing a memory because of the presence of other information is known as ______.

Short answer

The difficulty in accessing a memory because of the presence of other information is known as Interference.

Step-by-step solution

Identification

To answer this question, one needs to have knowledge about the information processing model, which is the model psychologists use to explain how the mind works. In models of memory, the phenomenon referred to by the question happens when other information affects our ability to remember something. This is called interference in psychology.

Key concepts

Information Processing Model

The Information Processing Model is a framework used to understand how humans think. It views the mind like a computer processing information. This model breaks down our cognitive processes into three main stages: encoding, storage, and retrieval.

• Encoding: This initial step involves taking in information and transforming it into a format that can be stored in the brain. Think of it as 'input'.
• Storage: After encoding, information is stored for later use, much like data saved on a computer.
• Retrieval: This involves recalling stored information when needed, similar to how we access files on a computer.

The interference theory comes into play especially during the retrieval stage. Here, other information stored in our brains might get in the way, making it harder to fetch the desired memory. Understanding this model helps us see how complex human thinking is and allows psychologists to find solutions to memory-related challenges.

Memory Retrieval

Memory retrieval is the process of accessing stored memories and recalling them. It involves reactivating neural pathways in the brain where information was stored.

Our ability to retrieve memories can be influenced by various factors:

• Interference: Competing information may block our ability to access a specific memory.
• Cues: Environmental or emotional cues can aid retrieval, like a familiar song sparking a memory from the past.
• Repetition: Frequently accessed memories are easier to retrieve due to strengthened neural connections.

Understanding retrieval helps explain why sometimes we can't remember something despite knowing it is stored in our memory. Interference theory highlights how competing information can hinder retrieval, leading to "tip of the tongue" moments.

Psychology of Memory

The psychology of memory explores how memories are formed, maintained, and recalled. It examines the processes behind how we learn and remember. Key areas include:

• Encoding and Storage: Investigating how memories are converted from experiences and securely maintained over time.
• Forgetting: Studying why memories fade or become inaccessible, such as through interference.
• Memory Enhancement: Discovering techniques to improve memory retention and recall.

In psychology, understanding memory involves exploring various theories, like interference theory, which explains why some memories obstruct others and affect our ability to recall information efficiently. As researchers delve further into memory psychology, they work on developing strategies to combat forgetting and boost memory retention.