Chapter 4: Problem 3
Explain how children's brains change and develop during the preschool years.
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Chapter 4: Problem 3
Explain how children's brains change and develop during the preschool years.
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
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Get started for freeAnalyze how preschool-age children develop a sense of gender. Gender differences emerge early and conform to social stereotypes about what is appropriate and inappropriate for each sex. The strong gender expectations held by preschoolers are explained in different ways by different theorists. Some point to genetic factors as evidence for a biological explanation of gender expectations. Social learning theorists focus on environmental influences, whereas cognitive theorists propose that children form gender schemas, which are cognitive frameworks that organize information that the children gather about gender.
Describe the changing nature of families and the diversity of parenting styles preschoolers experience. Families change in nature and structure over the years, but a strong and positive home environment is essential to children's healthy development. Parental disciplinary styles differ both individually and culturally. In the United States and other Western societies, parents' styles tend to be mostly authoritarian, permissive, uninvolved, and authoritative. The authoritative style is regarded as the most effective.
Describe the process of gross motor development in preschool-age children.
Explain the relationship between brain growth and cognitive development.
Explain how preschool-age children develop a concept of themselves. According to Erikson's psychosocial development theory, preschool-age children move from the autonomy-versusshame-and-doubt stage (18 months to 3 years) to the initiative-versus-guilt stage (ages 3 to 6 ). Preschoolers' selfconcepts are formed partly from their own perceptions and estimations of their characteristics, partly from their parents' behavior toward them, and partly from cultural influences.
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