Chapter 5: Q5DQ (page 1104)
When hot air rises from a radiator or heating duct, objects behind it appear to shimmer or waver. What causes this?
Due to the refraction of the light, objects behind the radiator appear to shimmer or waver.
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Figure 31.12 (Section 31.2) shows a loudspeaker system. Low-frequency sounds are produced by the woofer, which is a speaker with a large diameter; the tweeter, a speaker with a smaller diameter, produces high-frequency sounds. Use diffraction ideas to explain why the tweeter is more effective for distributing high-frequency sounds uniformly over a room than is the woofer.
In Fig. 33.31, since the light that is scattered out of the incident beam is polarized, why is the transmitted beam not also partially polarized?
According to the discussion in Section 34.2, light rays are reversible. Are the formulas in the table in this chapter’s Summary still valid if object and image are interchanged? What does reversibility imply with respect to the forms of the various formulas?
Information is stored on an audio compact disc, CD-ROM, or DVD disc in a series of pits on the disc. These pits are scanned by a laser beam. An important limitation on the amount of information that can be stored on such a disc is the width of the laser beam. Explain why this should be, and explain how using a shorter wavelength laser allows more information to be stored on a disc of the same size.
A fellow student, who values memorizing equations above understanding them, combines Eq. (35.4) and (35.13) to “prove” that can only equal localid="1663905625404" . How would you explain to this student that can have values other than localid="1663906387916" ?
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