Chapter 6: Q12DQ (page 1401)
Do gravitational forces play a significant role in atomic structure? Explain.
The electric force is stronger than gravitational force. So gravitational forces do not play a significant role in atomic structure.
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An electron with a total energy of collides with a stationary positron. (a) What is the available energy? (b) If the electron and positron are accelerated in a collider, what total energy corresponds to the same available energy as in part (a)?
In the decay series shown in Fig. 43.7, some nuclides in the series are found much more abundantly in nature than others, even though every nucleus goes through every step in the series before finally becoming . Why don’t the intermediate nuclides all have the same abundance?
Individual atoms have discrete energy levels, but certain solids (which are made up of only individual atoms) show energy bands and gaps. What causes the solids to behave so differently from the atoms of which they are composed?
The magnetic field in a cyclotron that accelerates protons is . (a) How many times per second should the potential across the Dees reverse? (This is twice the frequency of the circulating protons.) (b) The maximum radius of the cyclotron is . What is the maximum speed of the proton? (c) Through what potential difference must the proton be accelerated from rest to give it the speed that you calculated in part (b)?
In a photoelectric-effect experiment, which of the following will increase the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons? (a) Use light of greater intensity; (b) use light of higher frequency; (c) use light of longer wavelength; (d) use a metal surface with a larger work function. In each case justify your answer.
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