Warning: foreach() argument must be of type array|object, bool given in /var/www/html/web/app/themes/studypress-core-theme/template-parts/header/mobile-offcanvas.php on line 20

Propane gas (C3H8) behaves like an ideal gas with Υ = 1.127. Determine the molar heat capacity at constant volume and the molar heat capacity at constant pressure.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Cv is approximately 65.45 J/(mol K) and Cp is approximately 73.76 J/(mol K).

Step by step solution

01

Identify Necessary Formulas

We need to determine two values: the molar heat capacity at constant volume, Cv, and the molar heat capacity at constant pressure, Cp. For an ideal gas, the relationship between Cv and Cp is given by the equation Cp=Cv+R, where R is the universal gas constant, approximately 8.314 J/(mol·K).
02

Use Gamma Relation

The heat capacity ratio γ is defined as γ=CpCv. We're given γ=1.127. Using this formula allows us to write Cp=γCv. We will use this to find the individual heat capacities.
03

Set Up Equations

Using the equations from the previous steps, we now have: 1. Cp=γCv 2. Cp=Cv+R.
04

Solve for Cv

Substitute Cp=γCv from Step 3 into the equation Cp=Cv+R: γCv=Cv+R. This simplifies to Cv(γ1)=R.
05

Calculate Cv

Solve for Cv: Cv=Rγ1=8.3141.12718.3140.12765.45 J/(mol·K).
06

Calculate Cp

Now that we have Cv, calculate Cp using Cp=Cv+R: Cp=65.45+8.31473.76 J/(mol·K).

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Molar Heat Capacity
Molar heat capacity refers to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance by one degree Celsius (or one Kelvin). In gases, this quantity is different depending on whether the pressure or volume is held constant during the heating process.
  • At constant volume (Cv): This is the heat capacity when no work is done by or on the gas because the volume of the gas does not change. Here, the energy goes entirely into raising the temperature.
  • At constant pressure (Cp): This is the heat capacity when the gas is allowed to expand, doing work on its surroundings. In this case, both the temperature and the volume of the gas change.
For propane gas, like many other ideal gases, the relationship between the two is given by Cp=Cv+R, where R is the universal gas constant. This relationship underscores the fact that the molar heat capacity at constant pressure is always greater than at constant volume due to the work done during expansion.
Heat Capacity Ratio (Gamma)
The heat capacity ratio, often denoted as γ, is a crucial parameter in thermodynamics, especially concerning gases. It is defined as the ratio of the molar heat capacities:γ=CpCvThis ratio provides insight into how a gas will behave under adiabatic processes (where no heat is exchanged with the surroundings). In the given exercise, γ for propane is 1.127, reflecting its specific properties compared to other gases.
- **Adiabatic Process Insight**: Knowing the value of γ is vital as it affects the speed of sound in a gas and determines the pressure-volume relationship in adiabatic expansions.- **Finding Cv and Cp**: Given γ=1.127, it allows us to use both this relation and the equation Cp=Cv+R to solve for each heat capacity as shown in the step-by-step solution.
Propane Gas Characteristics
Propane (C3H8) is a commonly used hydrocarbon gas that demonstrates behavior similar to an ideal gas under many conditions. Here are some important characteristics of propane:- **Colorless and Odorless**: It's naturally colorless and odorless, but an odorant is usually added for safety reasons.- **Highly Flammable**: Propane is used extensively as a fuel source due to its high energy content.- **Applications**: It is commonly used for heating, cooking, and as a fuel for engines.When considering propane as an ideal gas in exercises, it follows the basic principles of the ideal gas law, allowing us to predict its behavior accurately using equations like the one in the given exercise involving Cp, Cv, γ, and R. Recognizing how these properties drive real-world applications helps understand why equations like the ideal gas law are so useful.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

A certain ideal gas has molar heat capacity at constant volume CV . A sample of this gas initially occupies a volume V0 at pressure p0 and absolute temperature T0 . The gas expands isobarically to a volume 2V0 and then expands further adiabatically to a final volume 4V0 . (a) Draw a pV-diagram for this sequence of processes. (b) Compute the total work done by the gas for this sequence of processes. (c) Find the final temperature of the gas. (d) Find the absolute value of the total heat flow Q into or out of the gas for this sequence of processes, and state the direction of heat flow.

During an adiabatic expansion the temperature of 0.450 mol of argon (Ar) drops from 66.0C to 10.0C. The argon may be treated as an ideal gas. (a) Draw a pV-diagram for this process. (b) How much work does the gas do? (c) What is the change in internal energy of the gas?

In a test of the effects of low temperatures on the gas mixture, a cylinder filled at 20.0C to 2000 psi (gauge pressure) is cooled slowly and the pressure is monitored. What is the expected pressure at -5.00C if the gas remains a homogeneous mixture? (a) 500 psi; (b) 1500 psi; (c) 1830 psi; (d) 1920 psi.

Starting with 2.50 mol of N2 gas (assumed to be ideal) in a cylinder at 1.00 atm and 20.0C, a chemist first heats the gas at constant volume, adding 1.36 × 104 J of heat, then continues heating and allows the gas to expand at constant pressure to twice its original volume. Calculate (a) the final temperature of the gas; (b) the amount of work done by the gas; (c) the amount of heat added to the gas while it was expanding; (d) the change in internal energy of the gas for the whole process.

The engine of a Ferrari F355 F1 sports car takes in air at 20.0C and 1.00 atm and compresses it adiabatically to 0.0900 times the original volume. The air may be treated as an ideal gas with Υ = 1.40. (a) Draw a pV-diagram for this process. (b) Find the final temperature and pressure.

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Physics Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free