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Chapter 10: Problem 87

What is the difference between the binary vapor power cycle and the combined gas-steam power cycle?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The key differences between the Binary Vapor Power Cycle (BVPC) and the Combined Gas-Steam Power Cycle (CGSPC) are: 1. Working Fluids: BVPC uses two different working fluids to improve efficiency, while CGSPC uses air as the working fluid for the gas turbine cycle and water for the steam turbine cycle. 2. Efficiency: BVPC's efficiency depends on working fluids and temperature difference, while CGSPC's efficiency improves from utilizing waste heat from the gas turbine cycle in the steam turbine cycle. 3. Equipment: BVPC requires an evaporator, turbine, condenser, and pump or compressor for each working fluid, while CGSPC uses a gas turbine, heat recovery equipment, steam turbine, and associated components. 4. Applications: BVPC is popular in geothermal, solar thermal, and waste-to-energy power plants; CGSPC is widely used in natural gas-fired power plants and combined heat and power (CHP) applications for industries like district heating.

Step by step solution

01

Binary Vapor Power Cycle Overview

The Binary Vapor Power Cycle (BVPC) is an advanced power generation cycle that uses a working fluid to convert heat energy from a high-temperature source into mechanical work, eventually generating electricity. In this cycle, two different working fluids are used to improve efficiency. Both fluids pass through a series of processes: heat addition in the evaporator, expansion in the turbine, heat rejection in the condenser, and finally compression in a pump or compressor. The main objective of using two fluids is to optimize the temperature at which heat is supplied and rejected, thus ensuring better overall efficiency of the power plant.
02

Combined Gas-Steam Power Cycle Overview

The Combined Gas-Steam Power Cycle (CGSPC) is a power generation cycle that combines the benefits of both a gas turbine cycle and a steam turbine cycle. In this cycle, a gas turbine (also known as a Brayton cycle) generates electricity and releases waste heat. This waste heat is then used as the input energy for a steam turbine (also known as a Rankine cycle), which generates additional electricity. By combining the two cycles, the overall efficiency of the power plant is significantly improved.
03

Key Differences

1. Working Fluids: In a BVPC, two different working fluids are used to improve efficiency, whereas, in a CGSPC, the working fluid for the gas turbine cycle is usually air and the working fluid for the steam turbine cycle is water. 2. Efficiency: The efficiency of a BVPC depends on the selection of suitable working fluids and the temperature difference between the heat source and heat sink. In a CGSPC, efficiency improvement comes from utilizing waste heat from the gas turbine cycle in the steam turbine cycle. 3. Equipment: A BVPC requires an evaporator, turbine, condenser, and pump or compressor for each working fluid. On the other hand, CGSPC uses a gas turbine and its heat recovery equipment to generate electricity in addition to a steam turbine and associated components. 4. Applications: BVPC is popular in geothermal, solar thermal, and waste-to-energy power plants, where the heat source has a relatively low temperature. CGSPC is widely used in natural gas-fired power plants and in combined heat and power (CHP) applications for industries like district heating. By understanding the differences between the Binary Vapor Power Cycle and the Combined Gas-Steam Power Cycle, you can better comprehend the unique benefits and applications of each cycle in power generation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Steam enters the turbine of a steam power plant that operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle at a pressure of \(6 \mathrm{MPa},\) and it leaves as a saturated vapor at \(7.5 \mathrm{kPa}\). Heat is transferred to the steam in the boiler at a rate of \(40,000 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{s}\) Steam is cooled in the condenser by the cooling water from a nearby river, which enters the condenser at \(15^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Show the cycle on a \(T-s\) diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine \((a)\) the turbine inlet temperature, \((b)\) the net power output and thermal efficiency, and \((c)\) the minimum mass flow rate of the cooling water required.

A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat regenerative Rankine cycle and has a net power output of \(80 \mathrm{MW}\). Steam enters the high-pressure turbine at \(10 \mathrm{MPa}\) and \(550^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and leaves at \(0.8 \mathrm{MPa}\). Some steam is extracted at this pressure to heat the feedwater in an open feedwater heater. The rest of the steam is reheated to \(500^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and is expanded in the low-pressure turbine to the condenser pressure of \(10 \mathrm{kPa}\). Show the cycle on a \(T\) -s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine \((a)\) the mass flow rate of steam through the boiler and ( \(b\) ) the thermal efficiency of the cycle.

Pressurized feedwater in a steam power plant is to be heated in an ideal open feedwater heater that operates at a pressure of 2 MPa with steam extracted from the turbine. If the enthalpy of feedwater is \(252 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{kg}\) and the enthalpy of extracted steam is \(2810 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{kg}\), the mass fraction of steam extracted from the turbine is \((a) 10\) percent \((b) 14\) percent \((c) 26\) percent \((d) 36\) percent \((e) 50\) percent

Consider a combined gas-steam power plant. Water for the steam cycle is heated in a well-insulated heat exchanger by the exhaust gases that enter at \(800 \mathrm{K}\) at a rate of \(60 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{s}\) and leave at \(400 \mathrm{K} .\) Water enters the heat exchanger at \(200^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(8 \mathrm{MPa}\) and leaves at \(350^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(8 \mathrm{MPa}\). If the exhaust gases are treated as air with constant specific heats at room temperature, the mass flow rate of water through the heat exchanger becomes \((a) 11 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{s}\) \((b) 24 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{s}\) \((c) 46 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{s}\) \((d) 53 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{s}\) \((e) 60 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{s}\)

During a regeneration process, some steam is extracted from the turbine and is used to heat the liquid water leaving the pump. This does not seem like a smart thing to do since the extracted steam could produce some more work in the turbine. How do you justify this action?
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