Warning: foreach() argument must be of type array|object, bool given in /var/www/html/web/app/themes/studypress-core-theme/template-parts/header/mobile-offcanvas.php on line 20

An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion, a process in which no heat flows into or out of the gas. As a result,

(a) the temperature of the gas remains constant and the pressure decreases.

(b) both the temperature and pressure of the gas decrease.

(c) the temperature of the gas decreases and the pressure increases.

(d) both the temperature and volume of the gas increase.

(e) both the temperature and pressure of the gas increase

Short Answer

Expert verified

The correct option is (b).

Step by step solution

01

Concepts 

From the first law of thermodynamics, you get \(\Delta U = Q - W\).

Now, for the adiabatic process,\(Q = 0\).

02

Explanation 

Now, for the adiabatic process, you get:

\(\begin{array}{c}\Delta U = Q - W\\\Delta U = - W\end{array}\)

For adiabatic expansion, the distance between the gas molecules increases, which causes a decrease in pressure.

In adiabatic expansion, the work is done by the gas; so the internal energy of the gas decreases, which results in a decrease in temperature.

Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Entropy is often called theโ€˜timeโ€™s arrowโ€™ because it tells us the direction in which natural processes occur. If a movie is run backward, name some processes that you might see that would tell you that time is โ€˜running backwardโ€™.

Question: (a) At a steam power plant, steam engines work in pairs, the heat output of the first one being the approximate heat input of the second. The operating temperatures of the first are 750ยฐC and 440ยฐC, and of the second 415ยฐC and 270ยฐC. If the heat of combustion of coal is \({\bf{2}}{\bf{.8 \times 1}}{{\bf{0}}^{\bf{7}}}\;{{\bf{J}} \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {{\bf{J}} {{\bf{kg}}}}} \right.} {{\bf{kg}}}}\) at what rate must coal be burned if the plant is to put out 950 MW of power? Assume the efficiency of the engines is 65% of the ideal (Carnot) efficiency. (b) Water is used to cool the power plant. If the water temperature is allowed to increase by no more than 4.5 Cยฐ, estimate how much water must pass through the plant per hour.

Question: (II) A heat pump is used to keep a house warm at 22ยฐC. How much work is required of the pump to deliver 3100 J of heat into the house if the outdoor temperature is (a) 0ยฐC, (b) \({\bf{ - 15^\circ C}}\)? Assume a COP of 3.0. (c) Redo for both temperatures, assuming an ideal (Carnot) coefficient of performance \({\bf{COP = }}{{\bf{T}}_{\bf{L}}}{\bf{/}}\left( {{{\bf{T}}_{\bf{H}}}{\bf{ - }}{{\bf{T}}_{\bf{L}}}} \right)\).

On a very hot day, could you cool your kitchen by leaving the refrigerator door open?

(a) Yes, but it would be very expensive.

(b) Yes, but only if the humidity is below 50%.

(c) No, the refrigerator would exhaust the same amount of heat into the room as it takes out of the room.

(d) No, the heat exhausted by the refrigerator into the room is more than the heat the refrigerator takes out of the room.

Question: Which do you think has the greater entropy, 1 kg of solid iron or 1 kg of liquid iron? Why?

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Physics Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free