Chapter 11: Q4Q (page 292)
For an answer to be complete, the units need to be specified. Why?
It is important to specify the units to complete an answer to improve accuracy and give clearer meaning.
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American football uses a field that is 100.0 yd long, whereas a soccer field is 100.0 m long. Which field is longer, and by how much (gives yards, meters, and percent)?
A guitar string is 92 cm long and has a mass of 3.4 g. The distance from the bridge to the support post is \({\bf{l}} = {\bf{62}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{cm}}\), and the string is under a tension of 520 N. What are the frequencies of the fundamental and first two overtones?
An earthquake-produced surface wave can be approximated by a sinusoidal transverse wave. Assuming a frequency of 0.60 Hz (typical of earthquakes, which actually include a mixture of frequencies), what amplitude is needed so that objects begin to leave contact with the ground? (Hint: Set the acceleration a > g.)
A string can have a “free” end if that end is attached to a ring that can slide without friction on a vertical pole (Fig. 11–60). Determine the wavelengths of the resonant vibrations of such a string with one end fixed and the other free.
P and S waves from an earthquake travel at different speeds, and this difference helps locate the earthquake “epicenter” (where the disturbance took place). (a) Assuming typical speeds of and for P and S waves, respectively, how far away did an earthquake occur if a particular seismic station detects the arrival of these two types of waves 1.5 min apart? (b) Is one seismic station sufficient to determine the position of the epicenter? Explain.
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