Chapter 10: Q21Q (page 260)
When blood pressure is measured, why must the arm cuff be held at the level of the heart?
The arm cuff must be held at the level of the heart to get an accurate reading.
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A ship, carrying fresh water to a desert island in the Carib-bean, has a horizontal cross-sectional area of \(2240\;{{\rm{m}}^2}\) at the waterline. When unloaded, the ship rises 8.25 m higher in the sea. How much water \(\left( {{m^3}} \right)\) was delivered?
(II) A physician judges the health of a heart by measuring the pressure with which it pumps blood. If the physician mistakenly attaches the pressurized cuff around a standing patient’s calf (about 1 m below the heart) instead of the arm (Fig. 10–42), what error (in Pa) would be introduced in the heart’s blood pressure measurement?
Explain how the tube in Fig. 10–45, known as a siphon, can transfer liquid from one container to a lower one even though the liquid must flow uphill for part of its journey. (Note that the tube must be filled with liquid to start with.)
As water flows from a low elevation to a higher elevation through a pipe that changes in diameter,
(a) The water pressure will increase.
(b) The water pressure will decrease.
(c) The water pressure will stay the same.
(d) Need more information to determine how the water pressure changes.
Hot air is less dense than cold air. Could a hot-air balloon be flown on the Moon, where there is no atmosphere?
(a) No, there is no cold air to displace, so no buoyancy force would exist.
(b) Yes, warm air always rises, especially in a weak gravitational field like that of the Moon.
(c) Yes, but the balloon would have to be filled with helium instead of hot air.
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