Chapter 19: Q. 6 (page 543)
a. Is the final temperature higher than, lower than, or equal to the initial temperature?
b. Is any heat energy added to or removed from the system in this process? Explain
a. The final temperature is greater than initial temperature.
b. No heat exchange has ben seen in the system.
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You would like to put a solar hot water system on your roof, but you're not sure it's feasible. A reference book on solar energy shows that the ground-level solar intensity in your city is for at least 5 hours a day throughout most of the year. Assuming that a completely black collector plate loses energy only by radiation, and that the air temperature is , what is the equilibrium temperature of a collector plate directly facing the sun? Note that while a plate has two sides, only the side facing the sun will radiate because the opposite side will be well insulated.
A cylinder with a movable piston contains moles of gas at a temperature higher than that of the surrounding environment. An external force on the piston keeps the pressure constant while the gas cools as , where is the temperature difference between the gas and the environment, is the initial temperature difference, and is the time constant.
a. Find an expression for the rate at which the environment does work on the gas. Recall that the rate of doing work is power.
b. What power is initially supplied by the environment if of gas are initially warmer than the surroundings and cool with a time constant of ?
Draw a first-law bar chart (see Figure 19.12) for the gas process in Figure EX19.6.
How much work is done on the gas in the process shown in Figure EX19.2?
A container holds 1.0 g of oxygen at a pressure of 8.0 atm.
a. How much heat is required to increase the temperature by
100 C at constant pressure?
b. How much will the temperature increase if this amount of
heat energy is transferred to the gas at constant volume?
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