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What is the thermal energy 100cm3 of aluminum at 1000c ?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The thermal energy of aluminum at 1000CisEth=93.1kJ

Step by step solution

01

Step :1 Introduction 

In the microsystem, the potential energy between the bonds is zero, and the kinetic energy of the system is translational kinetic energy. As a result, a solid's thermal energy is nmoles is given by equation (20.39)in the form

Eth=3nRT

The state variables that describe the state of the system are used to describe a macroscopic system. One of the state variables is density, which is determined by the ratio of the other two state variables (mass and volume) and may be calculated using equation (18.1) in the form

ρ=MV

02

Step  :2 Explanation 

Knowing the massMand the molar mass m, we can get the number of moles by

M=nm

We substitute the number of moles ninto equation (1) to get the thermal energy by

Eth=3ρVmRT

03

Step :3  Substitution 

The density of aluminum is ρ=2.7g/cm3, the molar mass is m=27g/mol. Now, we plug the values for and Tinto equation (3) to get Eth

Eth=3ρVRTm

=32.7g/cm3100cm3(8.314J/Kmol)373K27g/mol

=93.1×103J

=93.1KJ

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Most popular questions from this chapter

9. Suppose you place an ice cube in a beaker of room-temperature water, then seal them in a rigid, well-insulated container. No energy can enter or leave the container.

a. If you open the container an hour later, will you find a beaker of water slightly cooler than room temperature, or a large ice cube and some 100°Csteam?

b. Finding a large ice cube and some 100°Csteam would not violate the first law of thermodynamics. W=0Jand Q=0Jbecause the container is sealed, and ΔEth=0Jbecause the increase in thermal energy of the water molecules that became steam is offset by the decrease in thermal energy of the water molecules that turned to ice. Energy would be conserved, yet we never see an outcome like this. Why not?

At what pressure will the mean free path in room-temperature 20°Cnitrogen be 1.0m?

A 1.0kgball is at rest on the floor in a2.0m×2.0m×2.0m room of air at STP. Air is80% nitrogen (N2)and20% oxygen(O2) by volume.
a. What is the thermal energy of the air in the room?
b. What fraction of the thermal energy would have to be conveyed to the ball for it to be spontaneously launched to a height of1.0m ?
c. By how much would the air temperature have to decrease to launch the ball?
d. Your answer to part c is so small as to be unnoticeable, yet this event never happens. Why not?

What are (a) the average kinetic energy and (b) the rms speed of a proton in the center of the sun, where the temperature is2.0×107K?

The number density in a container of neon gas is 5.00×1025m-3. The atoms are moving with an rms speed of 660m/s. What are

(a) the temperature and

(b) the pressure inside the container?

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