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Chapter 20: The Micro/Macro Connection

Q. 18

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The rmsspeed of molecules in a gas is 600m/s. What will be the rms speed if the gas pressure and volume are both halved?

Q. 19

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By what factor does the rmsspeed of a molecule change if the temperature is increased from 10°C to 1000°C?

Q. 2

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Gases, in contrast with solids and liquids, are very compressible. What can you infer from this observation about the microscopic nature of gases?

Q. 2

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A 1.0m×1.0m×1.0m cube of nitrogen gas is at 20°C and 1.0atm. Estimate the number of molecules in the cube with a speed between 700m/s and 1000m/s.

Q. 20

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Atoms can be "cooled" to incredibly low temperatures by letting them interact with a laser beam. Various novel quantum phenomena appear at these temperatures. What is the rmsspeed of 100nK?

Q. 21

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At STP, what is the total translational kinetic energy of the molecules in 1.0molof (a) hydrogen, (b) helium, and (c) oxygen?

Q. 22

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Suppose you double the temperature of a gas at constant volume. Do the following change? If so, by what factor?

a. The average translational kinetic energy of a mole cule.

b. The rms speed of a molecule.

c. The mean free path.

Q. 23

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During a physics experiment, helium gas is cooled to a temperature of 10Kat a pressure of 0.10atm. What are (a) the mean free path in the gas, (b) the rms speed of the atoms, and (c) the average energy per atom?

Q. 24

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What are (a) the average kinetic energy and (b) the rms speed of a proton in the center of the sun, where the temperature is2.0×107K?

Q. 25

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The atmosphere of the sun consists mostly of hydrogen atoms (not molecules) at a temperature of 6000k. What are (a) the average translational kinetic energy per atom and (b) the rms speed of the atoms?

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