Question

How much work is done by the environment in the process shown in$FIGUREEX10.39$? Is energy transferred from the environment to the system or from the system to the environment?

Short answer

The work done by the environment$=$ $-1J$.

Step-by-step solution

Kinetic energy : Given information

Initial kinetic energy, $K_i=4J$

Initial potential energy, $U_i=1J$

Final potential energy, $U_f=2J$

Final kinetic energy,$K_f=1J$

Final thermal energy,$∆E_{th}=1J$

The work that an object can perform as a result of its mobility is measured by its kinetic energy.

Explanation :

The entire energy in any process is always conserved, according to the law of energy conservation. As a result, the process's final kinetic energy is computed as

$K_i+U_i+W_{ext}=K_f+U_f+∆E_{th}$

Substituting the values from the energy bar chart given,

$$\begin{gathered} 4+1+W_{ext}=1+2+1 \\ {W}_{ext}=-1J \end{gathered}$$

Hence, work done by the environment is$-1J$.