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The voltage across the terminals of a 9.0Vbattery is 8.5V when the battery is connected to a 20Ω load. What is the battery’s internal resistance?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The battery's internal resistance isr=1.18Ω.

Step by step solution

01

Given Information  

We have to find the internal resistance of the battery.

02

Simplify 

The resistor 20Ωis connected to the battery, a voltage drop occurs which is 8.5V. This is the potential difference across the resistor role="math" localid="1648884553842" VR=8.5V. So, determine the current through the circuit by using Ohm's law by

I=VRR=8.5V20Ω=0.425A

A battery that is connected to a circuit, the current that flows through the circuit is given by equation in the form

role="math" localid="1648888679002" I=εR+r(1)

Where εis the emf of the battery which is 9V. Solve the equation (1)for rto be

I=εR+rIR+Ir=ε(2)r=ε-IRI

Putting the values for ε,IandRinto equation(2)to get rby

role="math" localid="1648888910241" r=ε-IRI=9V-(0.425A)(20Ω)0.425A=1.18Ω

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