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Determine the electronic configuration for phosphorus, germanium and cesium.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Phosphorus (15)1s22s22p63s23p3 , Germanium (32),1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p2

Cesium (55) .1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d105s25p66s1

Step by step solution

01

Given data

The given data is phosphorus, germanium and cesium element.

02

Concept of Electronic configuration

Electronic configuration, also called electronic structure, the arrangement of electrons in energy levels around an atomic nucleus.

03

Determine the electronic configuration 

Electronic Configuration of the elements is shown below.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The Slater determinant is introduced in Exercise 42. Show that if states n and n'of the infinite well are occupied. with the particle in state n being spin up and the one in being spin down. then the Slater determinant yields the antisymmetric multiparticle state: ฯˆn(x1)โ†‘ฯˆn'(x2)โ†“โˆ’ฯˆm2(x1)ฯˆn(x2)โ†‘.

A lithium atom has three electrons. These occupy individual particle states corresponding to the sets of four quantum numbers given by .

(n,l,ml,mj)=(1,0,0,+12),(1,0,0,-12)and(2,0,0,+12)

Using ฯˆ1,0,0(rj)โ†‘,ฯˆ1,0,0(rj)โ†“,andฯˆ2,0,0(rj)โ†‘ to represent the individual-particle states when occupied by particlej . Apply the Slater determinant discussed in Exercise 42 to find an expression for an antisymmetric multiparticle state. Your answer should be sums of terms like .

ฯˆ1,0,0(r1)โ†‘,ฯˆ1,0,0(r2)โ†“,andฯˆ2,0,0(r3)โ†‘

Question: What if electrons were spin32 instead of spin 12. What would be Z for the first noble gas?

Figureshows the Stern-Gerlach apparatus. It reveals that spin-12particles have just two possible spin states. Assume that when these two beams are separated inside the channel (though still near its centreline). we can choose to block one or the other for study. Now a second such apparatus is added after the first. Their channels are aligned. But the second one is rotated about the-axis by an angle \(\phi\) from the first. Suppose we block the spin-down beam in the first apparatus, allowing only the spin-up beam into the second. There is no wave function for spin. but we can still talk of a probability amplitude, which we square to give a probability. After the first apparatus' spin-up beam passes through the second apparatus, the probability amplitude iscos(ฯ•/2)โ†‘2nd+sin(ฯ•/2)โ†“2ndwhere the arrows indicate the two possible findings for spin in the second apparatus.

(a) What is the probability of finding the particle spin up in the second apparatus? Of finding it spin down? Argue that these probabilities make sense individually for representative values ofฯ•and their sum is also sensible.

(b) By contrasting this spin probability amplitude with a spatial probability amplitude. Such asฯˆ(x)=Aeโˆ’te2. Argue that although the arbitrariness ofฯ•gives the spin cases an infinite number of solves. it is still justified to refer to it as a "two-state system," while the spatial case is an infinite-state system.

Question: Bearing in mind its limiting cases of 1 and 2 mentioned in section 8.8, how would you describe the significance of the Lande g-factor

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