Chapter 8: Q1CQ (page 338)
A dipole without angular momentum can simply rotate to align with the field (through it would oscillate unless it could shed energy). One with angular momentum cannot. Why?
If it already has angular momentum along the plane, then the change in angular momentum will also be the plane.
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Question: Bearing in mind its limiting cases of 1 and 2 mentioned in section 8.8, how would you describe the significance of the Lande g-factor
Consider potassium. As a rough approximation assume that each of itselectron s orbits 19 pro. tons and half an electron-that is, on average, half its fellowelectron. Assume that each of itselectrons orbits 19 protons, two Is electrons. and half of the seven otherelectrons. Continue the process, assuming that electrons at eachorbit a correspondingly reduced positive charge. (At each, an electron also orbits some of the electron clouds of higher. but we ignore this in our rough approximation.)
(a) Calculate in terms ofthe orbit radii of hydrogenlike atoms of these effective Z,
(b) The radius of potassium is often quoted at around. In view of this, are yourthroughradii reasonable?
(c) About how many more protons would have to be "unscreened" to theelectron to agree with the quoted radius of potassium? Considering the shape of its orbit, should potassium'selectron orbit entirely outside all the lower-electrons?
Question: As indicated to remove one of the heliumโs electrons requires of energy when orbiting ? Why or why not?
The radius of cesium is roughly.
(a) From this estimate the effective charge its valence electron orbits
(b) Given the nature of the electron's orbit. is this effective nuclearcharge reasonable?
(c) Compare this effective Zwith that obtained for sodium in Example 8.3. Are the values at odds with the evidence given in Figurethat it takes less energy to remove an electron from cesium than from sodium? Explain.
The hydrogen spin-orbit interaction energy given in equation (8-25) is . L. Using a reasonable value for in terms of and the relationships and , show that this energy is proportional to a typical hydrogen atom energy by the factor . where is the fine structure constant.
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