Chapter 10: Q24CQ (page 467)
What are the some of the properties of fullerenes that make them potentially so useful?
The property of high tensile strength of the fullerenes makes it for potentially useful.
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Exercise 29 outlines how energy may be extracted by transferring an electron from an atom that easily loses an electron from an atom that easily loses an electron to one with a large appetite for electrons , then allowing the two to approach , forming an ionic bond.
The accompanying diagram shows resistivity (reciprocal of conductivity) data for four solid materials from 77Kto 273K. scaled so that the maximum value plotted for each material is 1. Two are metals, one of which undergoes a transition between ordered and disordered spins in this temperature range. Speculate as to which plots correspond to these two metals and what the other two materials might be. Explain your reasoning.
As a crude approximation, an impurity pentavalent atom in a (tetravalent) silicon lattice can be treated as a one-electron atom, in which the extra electron orbits a net positive charge of 1. Because this "atom" is not in free space, however, the permitivity of free space, . must be replaced by , where is the dielectric constant of the surrounding material. The hydrogen atom ground-state energies would thus become
Given for silicon, how much energy is needed to free a donor electron in its ground state? (Actually. the effective mass of the donor electron is less than , so this prediction is somewhat high.)
The bond length of the molecule is , and its effective spring constant is at room temperature.
(a) What would be the ratio of molecules with rotational quantum number to those with (at the same vibrational level), and
(b) What would be the ratio of molecules with vibrational quantum number to those with (with the same rotational energy)?
The bonding of silicon in molecules and solids is qualitatively the same as that of carbon. Silicon atomic states become molecular states analogous to those in Figure 10.14. and in a solid, these effectively form the valence and conduction bands. Which of silicon's atomic states are the relevant ones, and which molecular state corresponds to which band?
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