Chapter 1: Q57P (page 42)
What is the velocity of aobject when its momentum is?
The velocity of the given object is
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Figure 1.55 shows several arrows representing vectors in the xy plane. (a) Which vectors have magnitudes equal to the magnitude of ? (b) Which vectors are equal to ?
In the periodic table on the inside front cover of this book (or one you find on the internet), for each element there is given the "atomic number," the number of protons or electrons in an atom, and the "atomic mass," which is essentially the number of nucleons, protons plus neutrons, in the nucleus, averaged over the various isotopes of the element, which differ in the number of neutrons. Make a graph of the number of neutrons vs. the number of protons in the elements. You needn't graph every element, just enough to see the trend. What do you observe about the data? (This reflects the need for more neutrons in proton-rich nuclei in order to prevent the electric repulsion of the protons of each other from destroying the nucleus.)
In which of these situations is it reasonable to use the approximate equation for the momentum of an object, instead of the full relativistically correct equation? (1) A car traveling on an interstate highway (2) A commercial jet airliner flying between New York and Seattle (3) A neutron traveling at 2700 meters per second (4) A proton in outer space traveling at m/s (5) An electron in a television tube traveling m/s.
A spaceship at rest with respect to the cosmic microwave background emits a beam of red light. A different spaceship, moving at a speed of m/s towards the first ship, detects the light. Which of the following statements are true for observers on the second ship? (More than one statement may be correct.) (a) They observe that the light travels at m/s. (b) The light is not red. (c) They observe that the light travels at m/s. (d) They observe that the light travels at m/s.
After World War II the U.S. Air Force carried out experiments on the amount of acceleration a human can survive.These experiments led by Jon Stapp, were the first to use crash dummies as well as human subjects, especially Stapp himself, who became an effective advocate for automobile safety belts. In one of the experiments Stapp rode a rocket sled that decelerated from (about ) to in just . What was the absolute value of the (negative) average acceleration? (b) The acceleration of a falling object if air resistance is negligible is ,called “one g.” What was the absolute value of the average acceleration in gas? What was the absolute value of the average acceleration in g’s? (Stapp eventually survived a test at )
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