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Chapter 1: Q13CP (page 23)

comet travels in an elliptical path around a star, in the direction shown in Figure 1.41. Which arrow best indicates the direction of the comet’s instantaneous velocity vector at each of the numbered locations in the orbit?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The direction of instantaneous velocity:

Location1: Arrow a

Location2: Arrow h

Location3: Arrow g

Location4: Arrow f

Location5: Arrow e

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Direction of instantaneous velocity

At any moment in time, the direction of instantaneous velocity determines the direction of motion of a particle.It is always tangent to the path of the object.

02

Direction of instantaneous velocity

Going by the definition, the arrows that match the direction of motion are:

Location 1 : In this case, the direction of motion is towards the north. The arrow which indicates the direction of motion properly is Arrow ‘a’.

Location 2 : In this case, the direction of motion is in the northeast direction. The arrow which indicates the direction of motion properly is Arrow ‘h’.

Location 3 : In this case, the direction of motion is towards the west. The arrow which indicates the direction of motion properly is Arrow ‘g’.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Which of the following statements about the velocity and momentum of an object are correct? (1) The momentum of an object is always in the same direction as its velocity (2) The momentum of an object can be either in the same direction as its velocity or in the opposite direction. (3) The momentum of an object is perpendicular to its velocity. (4) The direction of an object's momentum is not related to the direction of its velocity. (5) The direction of an object's momentum is tangent to its path.

Which of the following observers might observe something that appears to violate Newton's first law of motion? Explain why. (1) A person standing still on a street corner (2) A person riding on a roller coaster (3) A passenger on a starship traveling at 0.75c toward the nearby star Alpha Centauri (4) An airplane pilot doing aerobatic loops (5) A hockey player coasting across the ice.

Why do we use a spaceship in outer space, far from other objects, to illustrate Newton's first law? Why not a car or a train? (More than one of the following statements may be correct.) (1) A car or train touches other objects, and interacts with them. (2) A car or train can't travel fast enough. (3) The spaceship has negligible interactions with other objects. (4) A car or train interacts gravitationally with the Earth. (5) A spaceship can never experience a gravitational force.

You jog at a steady speed of 2 m/s. You start from the location <0,0,0>and for the first 200 s your direction is given by the unit vector <1,0,0>. Next you jog for 300 s in the direction given by the unit vector <cos45∘,0,cos45∘>. Finally you jog for 150s in the direction given by the unit vector <cos60∘,0,cos30∘>. (a) Now what is your position? (b) What was your average velocity?

After World War II the U.S. Air Force carried out experiments on the amount of acceleration a human can survive.These experiments led by Jon Stapp, were the first to use crash dummies as well as human subjects, especially Stapp himself, who became an effective advocate for automobile safety belts. In one of the experiments Stapp rode a rocket sled that decelerated from 140m/s(about 310mil/h) to 70m/sin just 0.6s. What was the absolute value of the (negative) average acceleration? (b) The acceleration of a falling object if air resistance is negligible is 9.8m/s/s,called “one g.” What was the absolute value of the average acceleration in gas? What was the absolute value of the average acceleration in g’s? (Stapp eventually survived a test at 46g's!)
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