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Chapter 14: Q47P (page 583)

A negatively charged iron block is placed in a region where there is an electric field downward (in the Y − direction) due to charges not shown. Which of the diagrams (a–f) in Figure 14.88 best describes the charge distribution in and/or on the iron block?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Diagram (b) best describes the charge distribution in and on the iron block

Step by step solution

01

Significance of the law of attraction

The law of attraction states that positive charges attract negative charges and the negative charges attract positive charges.

The concept of the law of attraction describes the charge distribution inside the iron block.

02

Determination of the charge distribution in and on the iron block

As the iron block is previously charged negative and the net electric field is in the downward direction, that is in the y -direction, then it is evident that the positive charges will move in the direction of the electric field and the negative charges will move opposite to the direction of the electric field.

Diagram (a) shows that the positive charges are upward and the negative charges are downward. This diagram is incorrect as the negative charges will be upward as the electric field is downward.

Diagram (c) shows that all the negative charges are on the iron block. This diagram is incorrect as the positive charges should also be there. Also, the quantity of charge is also not the same.

Diagram (d) shows that all the negative charges are on the iron block. This diagram is incorrect as the positive charges should also be there. Also, the quantity of charge is also not the same.

Diagram (e) shows that all the negative charges are inside the iron block. This diagram is incorrect as the positive charges should also be there.

Diagram (f) shows that all the negative charges are outside the iron block. This diagram is incorrect as the positive charges should also be there.

Diagram (b) shows that the negative charges are upward and the positive charges are downward. This diagram is correct as the negative charges will be upward as the electric field is downward as the positive charges move in the direction of the electric field and the negative charges move opposite of the field.

Thus, diagram (b) best describes the charge distribution in and on the iron block.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

You rub a plastic comb through your hair and it now carries a charge of -4×10-10C. What is the charge on your hair?

A point charge of 3×10−9 Cis located at the origin.

(a) What is the magnitude of the electric field at location ⟨0.2,0,0⟩ m?

(b) Next, a short, straight, thin copper wire 3 mmlong is placed along the x axis with its center at location ⟨0.1,0,0⟩ m. What is the approximate change in the magnitude of the electric field at location ⟨0.2,0,0⟩ m?

(c) Does the magnitude of the electric field at location ⟨0.2,0,0⟩ m increase or decrease as a result of placing the copper wire between this location and the point charge?

(d) Does the copper metal block the electric field contributed by the point charge?

You take two invisible tapes of some unknown brand, stick them together, and discharge the pair before pulling them apart and hanging them from the edge of your desk. When you bring an uncharged plastic pen withinof10CM either the U tape or the L tape you see a slight attraction. Next you rub the pen through your hair, which is known to charge the pen negatively. Now you find that if you bring the charged pen withinrole="math" localid="1655718752350" 8CMof the L tape you see a slight repulsion, and if you bring the pen withinrole="math" localid="1655718766744" 12CMof the U tape you see a slight attraction. Briefly explain all of your observations.

An electric field is applied to a solution containing bromide ions. As a result, the ions move through the solution with an average drift speed of 3.7×10-7m/s. The mobility of bromide ions in solution is 8.1×10-8(m/s)(N/C). What is the magnitude of the net electric field inside the solution?

You observe that a negatively charged plastic pen repels a charged piece of invisible tape. You then observe that the same piece of tape is repelled when brought near a metal sphere. You are wearing rubber-soled shoes, and you touch the metal sphere with your hand. After you touch the metal sphere, you observe that the tape is attracted to the metal sphere. Which of the following statements could be true? Check all that apply. (1) Electrons from the sphere traveled through your body into the Earth. (2) Electrons from the sphere moved into the salt water on your skin, where they reacted with sodium ions. (3) After you touched it, the metal sphere was very nearly neutral. (4) Chloride ions from the salt water on your hand moved onto the sphere. (5) The excess negative charge from the sphere spread out all over your body. (6) Electrons from your hand moved onto the sphere. (7) Sodium ions from the salt water on your hand moved onto the sphere.
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