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Chapter 14: Q31P (page 581)

Which observation provides evidence that two objects have the same sign charge? (a) The two objects repel each other. (b) The two objects attract each other. (c) The two objects do not interact at all. (d) The strength of the interaction between the two objects depends on distance.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Statement (a) provides evidence that two objects have the same sign charge.

Step by step solution

01

Significance of the law of attraction

The law of attraction states that two like charges repel each other and the two unlike charges attract each other.

02

Explanation of when two objects repel each other

Statement (b) states that the two objects attract each other. This option is incorrect as according to the law of attraction, two equally charged objects repel each other.

Statement (c) states that two objects do not interact at all. This option is incorrect as according to the law of attraction, the same sign-charged objects repel each other.

Statement (d) states that the strength of the interaction between the two objects depends on the distance. This statement is incorrect as the attraction between the objects does not only depends on the distance.

Statement (a) states that the two objects repel each other. This option is correct as according to the law of attraction, two equally charged objects repel each other.

Thus, statement (a) provides evidence that two objects have the same sign charge.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A metal ball with diameter of a half a centimeter and hanging from an insulating thread is charged up with 1×1010excess electrons. An initially uncharged identical metal ball hanging from an insulating thread is brought in contact with the first ball, then moved away, and they hang so that the distance between their centers is 20cm.

(a) Calculate the electric force one ball exerts on the other, and state whether it is attractive or repulsive. If you have to make any simplifying assumptions, state them explicitly and justify them.

(b) Now the balls are moved so that as they hang, the distance between their centers is only 5cm. Naively one would expect the force that one ball exerts on the other to increase by a factor of 42=16, but in real life the increase is a bit less than a factor of role="math" localid="1661330186132" 16. Explain why, including a diagram. (Nothing but the distance between centers is changed—the charge on each ball is unchanged, and no other objects are around.)

An electric field of magnitude 190  N/C is applied to a solution containing chloride ions. The mobility of chloride ions in solution is 7.91×10-8  (m/s)/(N/C).What is the average drift speed of the chloride ions in the solution?

The diagrams in Figure 14.98 show a sequence of events involving a small lightweight aluminum ball that is suspended from a cotton thread. In order to get enough information, you will need to read through the entire sequence of events described below before beginning to answer the questions. Before trying to select answers, you will need to draw your own diagrams showing the charge state of each object in each situation. (a) A small, lightweight aluminum ball hangs from a cotton thread. You touch the ball briefly with your fingers, then release it (Diagram 1 in Figure 14.98). Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.99 best shows the distribution of charge in and/or on the ball at this moment, using the diagrammatic conventions discussed in this chapter? (b) A block of metal that is known to be charged is now moved near the ball (Diagram 2 in Figure 14.98). The ball starts to swing toward the block of metal, as shown in Diagram 3 in Figure 14.98. Remember to read through the whole sequence before answering this question: Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.99 best shows the distribution of charge in and/or on the ball at this moment? (c) The ball briefly touches the charged metal block (Diagram 4 in Figure 14.98). Then the ball swings away from the block and hangs motionless at an angle, as shown in Diagram 5 in Figure 14.98. Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.99 best shows the distribution of charge in and/or on the ball at this moment? (d) Finally, the block is moved far away. A negatively charged rod is brought near the ball. The ball is repelled by the charged rod, as shown in Diagram 6 in Figure 14.98. Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.99 best shows the distribution of charge in and/or on the ball at this moment?

Which of the following are true? Select all that apply. (1) In equilibrium, there is no net flow of mobile charged particles inside a conductor. (2) The electric field from an external charge cannot penetrate to the center of a block of iron. (3) The net electric field inside a block of aluminum is zero under all circumstances. (4) If the net electric field at a particular location inside a piece of metal is not zero, the metal is not in equilibrium. (5) The net electric field at any location inside a block of copper is zero if the copper block is in equilibrium.

Which statements about a neutral atom are correct? Select all that apply. (1) A neutral atom is composed of positively and negatively charged particles. (2) The positively charged particles in the nucleus are positrons. (3) The electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. (4) Positively charged protons are located in the tiny, massive nucleus. (5) The radius of the electron cloud is twice as large as the radius of the nucleus. (6) The negatively charged electrons are spread out in a "cloud" around the nucleus.
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