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Chapter 14: Q22Q (page 580)

You have three metal blocks marked A, B, and C, sitting on insulating stands. Block A is charged, but blocks B and C are neutral (Figure 14.76).

Without using any additional equipment and without altering the amount of charge on block A, explain how you could make block B be chargedand block C be charged. Explain your procedure in detail, including diagrams of the charge distributions at each step in the process.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Block A goes to block C and it also polarizes block C. The electrons orient towards block A and also the positive charges which go towards block B.

The electrons from block B jump to block C which eventually creates an electron deficit inside block B. Block remains positively charged and makes block C negatively charged.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of the given data

The given data can be listed below as:

  • The charge of the block A is positive.
  • The charge of the block B is neutral.
  • The charge of the block C is neutral.
02

Significance of the polarization

The polarization happens when the electric fields distort the electric cloud that is negative around the positive atoms of nucleons in the opposite direction of that field.

03

Explanation of the procedures

The diagrams to explain the procedures in detail has been drawn in three steps:

As block C and B were neutral in step 1, then block A goes to block C and it also polarizes block C in step 2. Hence, the electrons orient toward block A and also the positive charges go towards block B. Hence, these charges create the same effect in block B.

The electrons from block B jump to block C which eventually creates an electron deficit inside block B. Hence, block B remains positively charged and makes block C negatively charged.

Thus, block A goes to block C and it also polarizes block C. The electrons orient towards block A and also the positive charges which go towards block B.

The electrons from block B jump to block C which eventually creates an electron deficit inside block B. Block B remains positively charged and makes block C negatively charged.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Atom Ais easier to polarize than atom B. Which atom, Aor B, would experience a greater attraction to a point charge a distance raway? Explain your reasoning.

You observe that a negatively charged plastic pen repels a charged piece of invisible tape. You then observe that the same piece of tape is repelled when brought near a metal sphere. You are wearing rubber-soled shoes, and you touch the metal sphere with your hand. After you touch the metal sphere, you observe that the tape is attracted to the metal sphere. Which of the following statements could be true? Check all that apply. (1) Electrons from the sphere traveled through your body into the Earth. (2) Electrons from the sphere moved into the salt water on your skin, where they reacted with sodium ions. (3) After you touched it, the metal sphere was very nearly neutral. (4) Chloride ions from the salt water on your hand moved onto the sphere. (5) The excess negative charge from the sphere spread out all over your body. (6) Electrons from your hand moved onto the sphere. (7) Sodium ions from the salt water on your hand moved onto the sphere.

: A thin, hollow spherical plastic shell of radius \({\bf{R}}\)carries a uniformly distributed negative charge \({\bf{ - Q}}\). A slice through the plastic shell is shown in Figure 14.95. To the left of the spherical shell are four charges packed closely together as shown (the distance \({\bf{s}}\) is shown greatly enlarged for clarity). The distance from the center of the four charges to the center of the plastic shell is \({\bf{L}}\) , which is much larger than \({\bf{s}}\left( {{\bf{L}} \gg {\bf{s}}} \right)\). Remember that a uniformly charged sphere makes an electric field as though all the charge were concentrated at the center of the sphere.

(a)Calculate the \({\bf{x}}\) and \({\bf{y}}\) components of the electric field at location B, a distance \({\bf{b}}\) to the right of the outer surface of the plastic shell. Explain briefly, including showing the electric field on a diagram. Your results should not contain any symbols other than the given quantities \({\bf{R,Q,q,s,L}}\), and \({\bf{b}}\)(and fundamental constants). You need not simplify the final algebraic results except for taking into account the fact that \({\bf{L}} \gg {\bf{s}}\).

(b)What simplifying assumption did you have to make in part (a)?

(c)The plastic shell is removed and replaced by an uncharged metal ball, as in Figure 14.96. At location Ainside the metal ball, a distance \({\bf{b}}\)to the left of the outer surface of the ball, accurately draw and label the electric field\({{\bf{\vec E}}_{{\bf{ball}}}}\) due to the ball charges and the electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{4}}}\) of the four charges. Explain briefly.

(d)Show the distribution of ball charges.

(e)Calculate the \({\bf{x}}\) and \({\bf{y}}\) components of the net electric field at location A.

You are wearing shoes with thick rubber soles. You briefly touch a negatively charged metal sphere. Afterward, the sphere seems to have little or no charge. Why? Explain in detail.

Can you charge a piece of plastic by induction? Explain, using diagram. Compare with the amount of charging obtained when you charge a piece of metal by induction.
See all solutions

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