Chapter 10: Q8Q (page 410)
What properties of the alpha particle and the gold nucleus in the original Rutherford experiment were responsible for the collisions being elastic collisions?
The property that both the nuclei remained in their ground states
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Object has mass and initial momentum, just before it strikes object B , which has mass . Object B has initial momentum . After the collision, object A is observed to have ๏ฌnal momentum . In the following questions, โinitialโ refers to values before the collisions, and โ๏ฌnalโ refers to values after the collision. Consider a system consisting of both objects and . Calculate the following quantities: (a) The total initial momentum of this system. (b) The ๏ฌnal momentum of object B. (c) The initial kinetic energy of object A. (d) The initial kinetic energy of object B. (e) The ๏ฌnal kinetic energy of object A. (f) The ๏ฌnal kinetic energy of object B. (g) The total initial kinetic energy of the system. (h) The total ๏ฌnal kinetic energy of the system. (i) The increase of internal energy of the two objects. (j) What assumption did you make about Q (energy ๏ฌow from surroundings into the system due to a temperature difference)?
In outer space a rock whose mass is 3kg and whose velocity wasstruck a rock with mass 13kg and velocity. After the collision, the 3kg rockโs velocity is. (a) What is the ๏ฌnal velocity of the 13kg rock? (b) What is the change in the internal energy of the rocks? (c) Which of the following statements about Q (transfer of energy into the system because of a temperature difference between system and surroundings) are correct? (1) because the duration of the collision was very short. (2) of the rocks. (3) because there are no signi๏ฌcant objects in the surroundings. (4) of the rocks.
You know that a collision must be โelasticโ if: (1) The colliding objects stick together. (2) The colliding objects are stretchy or squishy. (3) The sum of the final kinetic energies equals the sum of the initial kinetic energies. (4) There is no change in the internal energies of the objects (thermal energy, vibrational energy, etc.). (5) The momentum of the two-object system doesnโt change.
In a nuclear ๏ฌssion reactor, each ๏ฌssion of a uranium nucleus is accompanied by the emission of one or more high-speed neutrons, which travel through the surrounding material. If one of theneutrons is captured in another uranium nucleus, it can trigger ๏ฌssion, which produces more fast neutrons, which could make possible a chain reaction
A uranium atom traveling at speedcollides elastically with a stationary hydrogen molecule, head-on. What is the approximate final speed of the hydrogen molecule?
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