Chapter 10: Q.11Q (page 410)
In order to close a door, you throw an object at the door. Which would be more effective in closing the door, a 50g tennis ball or a 50g lump of sticky clay? Explain clearly what physics principles you used to draw your conclusion.
Tennis ball would be more effective.
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Car 1 headed north and car 2 headed west collide. They stick together and leave skid marks on the pavement, which show that car 1 was deflected 30ยฐ(so car 2 was deflected 60ยฐ). What can you conclude about the cars before the collision?
Object:has mass and initial momentum, just before it strikes object , which has mass . Object has initial momentum. After the collision, object is observed to have ๏ฌnal momentum . In the following questions, โinitialโ refers to values before the collisions, and โ๏ฌnalโ refers to values after the collision. Consider a system consisting of both objects and. Calculate the following quantities: (a) The total initial momentum of this system. (b) The ๏ฌnal momentum of object B. (c) The initial kinetic energy of object A. (d) The initial kinetic energy of object B. (e) The ๏ฌnal kinetic energy of object A. (f) The ๏ฌnal kinetic energy of object B. (g) The total initial kinetic energy of the system. (h) The total ๏ฌnal kinetic energy of the system. (i) The increase of internal energy of the two objects. (j) What assumption did you make about Q (energy ๏ฌow from surroundings into the system due to a temperature difference)?
What properties of the alpha particle and the gold nucleus in the original Rutherford experiment were responsible for the collisions being elastic collisions?
Give an example of what we can learn about matter through the use of momentum and energy conservation applied to scattering experiments. Explain what it is that we cannot learn this way, for which we need to measure the distribution of scattering angles.
A beam of high-energy ฯ โ (negative pions) is shot at a flask of liquid hydrogen, and sometimes a pion interacts through the strong interaction with a proton in the hydrogen, in the reaction , where X + is a positively charged particle of unknown mass. The incoming pion momentum is 3 GeV/c (1GeV = 1000 MeV = 1 ร 109 electron-volts). The pion is scattered through , and its momentum is measured to be 1510 MeV/c (this is done by observing the radius of curvature of its circular trajectory in a magnetic field). A pion has a rest energy of 140 MeV, and a proton has a rest energy of 938 MeV. What is the rest mass of the unknown X+ particle, in ? Explain your work carefully. It is advantageous to write the equations not in terms of v but rather in terms of E and p; remember that .
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