Question

Evaluate each of the following definite integrals by using the Laplace transform table.

${\mathbf{\int }}_{\mathbf{0}}^{\mathbf{\infty }}\frac{\mathbf{1}}{\mathbf{t}}{\mathbf{e}}^{\mathbf{-}\mathbf{t}\sqrt{\mathbf{3}}}\mathbf{}\mathbf{sin}\mathbf{2}\mathbf{tcostdt}$

Short answer

The value of integral is$\frac{\mathrm{\pi }}{4}$ .

Step-by-step solution

Given information.

The given expressions are${\int }_0^{\infty }\frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{t}\sqrt{3}}\sin 2\mathrm{tcos}\mathrm{tdt}$

Laplace transformation

Laplace transformation is a way for solving differential equations. The differential equation in the time domain is first translated into an algebraic equation in the frequency domain. The outcome of solving the algebraic equation in frequency domain is then translated to time domain form to obtain the differential equation's ultimate solution.

By the use of Laplace transformation table

$\mathit{L}\left(\frac{sinatcosbt}{t}\right)\mathbf{=}\frac{\mathbf{1}}{\mathbf{2}}\left(arctan\frac{a+b}{p}+arctan\frac{a-b}{p}\right)$

Find the value of given integral equation ∫0∞1te-t3sin2tcostdt

The given expression is,

${\int }_0^{\infty }\frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{t}\sqrt{3}}\sin 2\mathrm{tcostdt}$

From definition of Laplace transforms,

$$\begin{gathered} {\int }_0^{\infty }{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{pt}}\frac{\sin \mathrm{at}\cos \mathrm{tdt}}{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{dt}=\mathrm{L}\left(\frac{\sin \mathrm{at}\cos \mathrm{bt}}{\mathrm{t}}\right) \\ \mathrm{Also} \\ {\int }_0^{\infty }\frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{t}\sqrt{3}}\sin 2\mathrm{tcos}\mathrm{tdt} \end{gathered}$$

It can be written as,

${\int }_0^{\infty }\frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{t}\sqrt{3}}\sin 2\mathrm{costdt}={\int }_0^{\infty }{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{t}\sqrt{3}}\frac{\sin 2\mathrm{cost}}{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{dt}$

Use ${\int }_0^{\infty }{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{pt}}\frac{\sin \mathrm{at}\cos \mathrm{bt}}{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{dt}=\mathrm{L}\left(\frac{\sin \mathrm{at}\mathrm{cosbt}}{\mathrm{t}}\right)$, and Laplace transform

$\mathrm{L}\left(\frac{\sin \mathrm{at}\mathrm{cosbt}}{\mathrm{t}}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\arctan \frac{\mathrm{a}+\mathrm{b}}{\mathrm{p}}+\arctan \frac{\mathrm{a}-\mathrm{b}}{\mathrm{p}}\right)\left(\mathrm{Property}\left(\mathrm{L}20\right)\right)\mathrm{as},$

role="math" localid="1659271810199" ${\int }_0^{\infty }\frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{t}\sqrt{3}}\sin 2\mathrm{tcostdt}={\int }_0^{\infty }{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{t}\sqrt{3}}\frac{\sin 2\mathrm{tcost}}{t}\mathrm{dt}$

role="math" localid="1659271993079" ${\int }_0^{\infty }\frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{t}\sqrt{3}}\sin 2\mathrm{tcos}\mathrm{tdt}=\mathrm{L}\left(\frac{\sin 2\mathrm{tcos}\mathrm{t}}{\mathrm{t}}\right)$

$=\frac{1}{2}\left(arc\tan \frac{2+1}{p}+arc\tan \frac{2-1}{p}\right)$

Since, arctan an$\sqrt{3}=\frac{\mathrm{\pi }}{3}andarc\tan \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\mathrm{\pi }}{6}$

Therefore,

$$\begin{gathered} {\int }_0^{\infty }\frac{1}{t}{e}^{-t\sqrt{3}}\sin 2t\cos tdt=\frac{1}{2}\left(arc\tan \sqrt{3}+arc\tan \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right) \\ =\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\mathrm{\pi }}{3}+\frac{\mathrm{\pi }}{6}\right) \\ =\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2\mathrm{\pi }+\mathrm{\pi }}{6}\right) \\ =\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{3\mathrm{\pi }}{6}\right) \\ =\frac{\mathrm{\pi }}{4} \end{gathered}$$

Hence, the Laplace transforms is ${\int }_0^{\infty }\frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{t}\sqrt{3}}\sin 2\mathrm{tcos}\mathrm{tdt}=\frac{\mathrm{\pi }}{4}.$