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Chapter 9: Problem 4

When will the hull of a ship sink deeper in the water: when the ship is sailing in fresh water or in seawater? Why?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Explain your answer based on the concept of buoyant force. Answer: A ship's hull will sink deeper in fresh water compared to when it sails in seawater. This is because the density of seawater is greater than that of fresh water, resulting in a greater buoyant force acting on the ship in seawater and causing it to sink less in the water.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Archimedes' principle

Archimedes' principle states that an object submerged in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Mathematically, it can be expressed as: Buoyant Force = Weight of displaced fluid = ρ_f * V * g where ρ_f is the density of the fluid, V is the volume of the displaced fluid, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
02

Compare the densities of fresh water and seawater

The density of a fluid plays a crucial role in determining the buoyant force experienced by an object submerged in it. The density of fresh water is usually around 1000 kg/m³, while the density of seawater is typically about 1025 kg/m³ (depending on the salinity). Thus, seawater is denser than fresh water.
03

Analyze the effect of density on the ship's hull

As the density of the fluid increases, the buoyant force experienced by the ship also increases. Since the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid, a higher buoyant force means that the hull of the ship will sink less in the water. Conversely, when the ship sails in a fluid with a lower density, the buoyant force is reduced, and the ship will sink deeper into the water.
04

Compare the ship's hull sinking in fresh water and seawater

As we have established that the density of seawater is greater than that of fresh water, it implies that a ship sailing in seawater will experience a greater buoyant force than when it sails in fresh water. This means that the hull of the ship will sink deeper in fresh water as compared to when it sails in seawater.
05

Conclusion

The hull of a ship will sink deeper in fresh water compared to when it sails in seawater. This is because the density of seawater is greater than that of fresh water, resulting in a greater buoyant force acting on the ship in seawater and causing it to sink less in the water.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A \(0.5-\mathrm{m} \times 0.5-\mathrm{m}\) vertical ASTM A240 410S stainless steel plate has one surface subjected to convection with a cold, quiescent gas at \(-70^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The type of cold gas that the plate surface is exposed to alternates between carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The minimum temperature suitable for the stainless steel plate is \(-30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) (ASME Code for Process Piping, ASME B31.3-2014, Table A-1M). Determine the heat addition rate necessary for keeping the plate surface temperature from dropping below the minimum suitable temperature, such that it is applicable to both carbon dioxide gas and hydrogen gas.

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