Chapter 1: Problem 108
What is the value of the engineering software packages in \((a)\) engineering education and \((b)\) engineering practice?
Chapter 1: Problem 108
What is the value of the engineering software packages in \((a)\) engineering education and \((b)\) engineering practice?
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Get started for freeA series of experiments were conducted by passing \(40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) air over a long 25 -mm-diameter cylinder with an embedded electrical heater. The objective of these experiments was to determine the power per unit length required \((W / L)\) to maintain the surface temperature of the cylinder at \(300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) for different air velocities \((V)\). The results of these experiments are given in the following table: $$ \begin{array}{lccccc} \hline V(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}) & 1 & 2 & 4 & 8 & 12 \\ W / L(\mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}) & 450 & 658 & 983 & 1507 & 1963 \\ \hline \end{array} $$ (a) Assuming a uniform temperature over the cylinder, negligible radiation between the cylinder surface and surroundings, and steady-state conditions, determine the convection heat transfer coefficient \((h)\) for each velocity \((V)\). Plot the results in terms of $h\left(\mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{K}\right)\( vs. \)V(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})$. Provide a computer- generated graph for the display of your results, and tabulate the data used for the graph. (b) Assume that the heat transfer coefficient and velocity can be expressed in the form \(h=C V^{n}\). Determine the values of the constants \(C\) and \(n\) from the results of part (a) by plotting \(h\) vs. \(V\) on log-log coordinates and choosing a \(C\) value that assures a match at \(V=1 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) and then varying \(n\) to get the best fit.
Solar radiation is incident on a \(5-\mathrm{m}^{2}\) solar absorber plate surface at a rate of \(800 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}\). Ninety-three percent of the solar radiation is absorbed by the absorber plate, while the remaining 7 percent is reflected away. The solar absorber plate has a surface temperature of \(40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) with an emissivity of \(0.9\) that experiences radiation exchange with the surrounding temperature of $-5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. In addition, convective heat transfer occurs between the absorber plate surface and the ambient air of \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) with a convection heat transfer coefficient of \(7 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}\). \(\mathrm{K}\). Determine the efficiency of the solar absorber, which is defined as the ratio of the usable heat collected by the absorber to the incident solar radiation on the absorber.
Consider two houses that are identical except that the walls are built using bricks in one house and wood in the other. If the walls of the brick house are twice as thick, which house do you think will be more energy efficient?
A solid plate, with a thickness of \(15 \mathrm{~cm}\) and a thermal conductivity of \(80 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m} \cdot \mathrm{K}\), is being cooled at the upper surface by air. The air temperature is $10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, while the temperatures at the upper and lower surfaces of the plate are 50 and \(60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), respectively. Determine the convection heat transfer coefficient of air at the upper surface, and discuss whether the value is reasonable or not for forced convection of air.
The deep human body temperature of a healthy person remains constant at \(37^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) while the temperature and the humidity of the environment change with time. Discuss the heat transfer mechanisms between the human body and the environment in both summer and winter, and explain how a person can keep cooler in summer and warmer in winter.
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