Chapter 40: Q4Q (page 1246)
An atom of uranium has closed 6pand 7ssub shells. Which sub shell has the greater number of electrons?
The sub shell 6p has a greater number of electrons.
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From Eq. 40-26, what is the ratio of the photon energies due to transitions in two atoms whose atomic numbers are Z and Z' ? (b) What is this ratio for uranium and aluminum? (c) For uranium and lithium?
The beam from an argon laser (of wavelength 515 nm) has a diameter 3.00 mm of and a continuous energy output rate of 5.00 W. The beam is focused onto a diffuse surface by a lens whose focal length f is 3.50 cm . A diffraction pattern such as that of Fig. 36-10 is formed, the radius of the central disk being given by (see Eq. 36-12 and Fig. 36-14). The central disk can be shown to contain 84% of the incident power. (a) What is the radius of the central disk? (b) What is the average intensity (power per unit area) in the incident beam? (c) What is the average intensity in the central disk?
Calculate the (a) smaller and (b) larger value of the semi-classical angle between the electron spin angular momentum vector and the magnetic field in a Stern–Gerlach experiment. Bear in mind that the orbital angular momentum of the valence electron in the silver atom is zero.
A tungsten (Z=74) target is bombarded by electrons in an x-ray tube. The K,L and M energy levels for tungsten (compare Fig. 40-15) have the energies 69.5 keV,11.3 keV, and 2.30 keV respectively. (a) What is the minimum value of the accelerating potential that will permit the production of the characteristic and lines of tungsten? (b) For this same accelerating potential, what is ? What are the (c) and (d) wavelengths?
Excited sodium atoms emit two closely spaced spectrum lines called the sodium doublet(Fig. 40-27) with wavelengths 588.995 nm and 589.592 nm. (a) What is the difference in energy between the two upper energy levels (n = 3, I = 1)? (b) This energy difference occurs because the electron’s spin magnetic moment can be oriented either parallel or anti-parallel to the internal magnetic field associated with the electron’s orbital motion. Use your result in (a) to find the magnitude of this internal magnetic field.
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