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The quark flavor changed \[ \to {\rm{u}}\] takes place in \[{\rm{\beta - }}\]decay. Does this mean that the reverse quark flavor changed \[{\rm{u}} \to \] takes place in \[{\rm{\beta + }}\] decay? Justify your response by writing the decay in terms of the quark constituents, noting that it looks as if a proton is converted into a neutron in \[{\rm{\beta + }}\]decay.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Yes, \[u \to d\] flavor change occurs in \[{{\rm{\beta }}^{\rm{ + }}}\]decay.

Step by step solution

01

Concept Introduction

Quarks are divided into six flavors: up, down, charm, weird, top, and bottom. The masses of up and down quarks are the smallest of all quarks.

02

Explanation

Here\[{{\rm{\beta }}^{\rm{ - }}}\]decay is

\[(ud)d \to (ud)u + {e^ - } + {\bar \nu _e}\]

I,\[{{\rm{\beta }}^{\rm{ - }}}\]decay is where we spelled out the neutron and proton in terms of their quark components.

Where, we wrote out the neutron and proton in terms of their quark constituents, i.e. \[{\rm{n = udd and }}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{ + }}}{\rm{ = udu}}\]. On the other hand, \[{{\rm{\beta }}^{\rm{ + }}}\]decay is given with\[(ud)u \to (ud)d + {e^ + } + {\nu _e}\]

A proton \[{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{ + }}}{\rm{ = udu}}\]has been transformed into a neutrino \[{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{ + }}}{\rm{ = udu}}\]. This reaction may be generated from (1) by moving particles from the right to the left side and "crossing to the opposite side." Because particles transform into their antiparticles in this operation, our electron \[{{\rm{e}}^{\rm{ - }}}\]became a positron \[{{\rm{e}}^{\rm{ + }}}\]and our electron antineutrino \[{{\rm{\bar \nu }}_{\rm{e}}}\]became a neutrino \[{{\rm{\nu }}_{\rm{e}}}\]. In most cases, a response can occur in both directions. We infer that in \[{{\rm{\beta }}^{\rm{ + }}}\]decay, the reverse flavor change happens.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Is the decay \({{\rm{\mu }}^{\rm{ - }}} \to {{\rm{e}}^{\rm{ - }}}{\rm{ + }}{{\rm{\nu }}_{\rm{e}}}{\rm{ + }}{{\rm{\nu }}_{\rm{\mu }}}\)possible considering the appropriate conservation laws? State why or why not.

Accelerators such as the Triangle Universities Meson Facility (TRIUMF) in British Columbia produce secondary beams of pions by having an intense primary proton beam strike a target. Such "meson factories" have been used for many years to study the interaction of pions with nuclei and, hence, the strong nuclear force. One reaction that occurs is\({{\rm{\pi }}^{\rm{ + }}}{\rm{ + p}} \to {{\rm{\Delta }}^{{\rm{ + + }}}} \to {{\rm{\pi }}^{\rm{ + }}}{\rm{ + p}}\), where the \({{\rm{\Delta }}^{{\rm{ + + }}}}\)is a very short-lived particle. The graph in Figure \({\rm{33}}{\rm{.26}}\)shows the probability of this reaction as a function of energy. The width of the bump is the uncertainty in energy due to the short lifetime of the\({{\rm{\Delta }}^{{\rm{ + + }}}}\).

(a) Find this lifetime.

(b) Verify from the quark composition of the particles that this reaction annihilates and then re-creates a d quark and a \({\rm{\bar d}}\)antiquark by writing the reaction and decay in terms of quarks.

(c) Draw a Feynman diagram of the production and decay of the \({{\rm{\Delta }}^{{\rm{ + + }}}}\)showing the individual quarks involved.

Gluons and the photon are massless. Does this imply that the W+. W- and Z0 are the ultimate carriers of the weak force?

Explain how the weak force can change strangeness by changing quark flavor.

Identify evidence for electroweak unification.

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