Chapter 18: Q7CQ (page 661)
Describe how a positively charged object can be used to give another object a negative charge. What is the name of this process?
Induction is the process in which a positively charged object can be used to give another object a negative charge.
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The discussion of the electric field between two parallel conducting plates, in this module states that edge effects are less important if the plates are close together. What does close mean? That is, is the actual plate separation crucial, or is the ratio of plate separation to plate area crucial?
Calculate the initial (from rest) acceleration of a proton in a \[5.00 \times {10^{6}}{\rm{N/}}{\rm{c}}\]electric field (such as created by a research Van de Graaff). Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for electrostatics.
Bare free charges do not remain stationary when close together. To illustrate this, calculate the acceleration of two isolated protons separated by\({\bf{2}}.{\bf{00}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{nm}}\)(a typical distance between gas atoms). Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for electrostatics.
An eccentric inventor attempts to levitate by first placing a large negative charge on himself and then putting a large positive charge on the ceiling of his workshop. Instead, while attempting to place a large negative charge on himself, his clothes fly off. Explain.
The practical limit to an electric field in air is about\(3.00 \times {10^6}{\rm{ N}}/{\rm{C}}\). Above this strength, sparking takes place because air begins to ionize and charges flow, reducing the field. (a) Calculate the distance a free proton must travel in this field to reach\(3.00\% \)of the speed of light, starting from rest. (b) Is this practical in air, or must it occur in a vacuum?
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