Question

Explain why patterns observed in the periodic table of the elements are evidence for the existence of atoms, and why Brownian motion is a more direct type of evidence for their existence.

Short answer

Periodic table suggests the properties of elements changing periodically and Brownian motion talks about the rapid movement of molecules in fluids which proves the existence of atoms.

Step-by-step solution

Concept Introduction

The uncontrolled or erratic movement of particles in a fluid brought on by collisions with other quickly moving molecules is referred to as Brownian motion.

Determine the Properties of elements

The Mendeleev periodic table's layout demonstrates that an element's properties change on a regular basis. This implies that some particle, the properties of which must be regularly changing, must make up the elements. These particles are atoms, and they therefore influence the characteristics of elements.

Brownian Motion

The suspended grain in the Brownian motion travels erratically along a convoluted path. This is only conceivable, though, if the grain is frequently crashing into another particle. This shows that the medium is not continuous but rather is made up of atom-sized particles.

Therefore, through periodic table and through Brownian motion suggests that atom exists.