The electric field is a fundamental concept in electromagnetism. It refers to the region around a charged particle where an electric force can be felt by another charge. In simple terms, imagine a charged object creating an invisible field around it. If another charge enters this field, it experiences a force that is proportional to its own charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source charge.
The formula for the electric field , as in this exercise, is given by:
This formula illustrates how the electric field depends on the charge creating it, the distance from the charge, and the permittivity of free space, .
Essentially, the electric field is a vector that points away from positive charges and towards negative charges. This aligns with the idea of forces in physics where like charges repel and unlike charges attract, following Coulomb's Law.