Chapter 5: Q. T5.1 (page 357)
What is the probability that the person owns a Dodge or has four-wheel drive?
The correct option is :
d.
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AARP, and Medicare (4.1) To find out what proportion of Americans support proposed
Medicare legislation to help pay medical costs, the AARP conducted a survey of their
members (people over age who pay membership dues). One of the questions was:
“Even if this plan won’t affect you personally either way, do you think it should be passed
so that people with low incomes or people with high drug costs can be helped?” Of the
respondents, answered “Yes.”
a. Describe how undercoverage might lead to bias in this study. Explain the likely
direction of the bias.
b. Describe how the wording of the question might lead to bias in this study. Explain the
likely direction of the bias.
Lucky penny? Harris Interactive reported that of U.S. adults believe that
finding and picking up a penny is good luck. Assuming that responses from different
individuals are independent, what is the probability of randomly selecting U.S. adults
and finding at least person who believes that finding and picking up a penny is good
luck?
The two-way table summarizes data on whether students at a certain high school eat
regularly in the school cafeteria by grade level.
a. If you choose a student at random, what is the probability that the student eats
regularly in the cafeteria and is not a grader?
b. If you choose a student at random who eats regularly in the cafeteria, what is the probability that the student is a grader?
c. Are the events “grader” and “eats regularly in the cafeteria” independent?
Justify your answer.
Taking the train According to New Jersey Transit, the weekday train from Princeton to New York City has a chance of arriving on time. To test this claim, an auditor chooses weekdays at random during a month to ride this train. The train arrives late on of those days. Does the auditor have convincing evidence that the company's claim is false? Describe how you would carry out a simulation to estimate the probability that a train with a chance of arriving on time each day would be late on or more of days. Do not perform the simulation.
Rock smashes scissors Almost everyone has played the game rock-paper-scissors at some point. Two players face each other and, at the count of , make a fist (rock), an extended hand, palm side down (paper), or a “V” with the index and middle fingers (scissors). The winner is determined by these rules: rock smashes scissors; paper covers rock; and scissors cut paper. If both players choose the same object, then the game is a tie. Suppose that Player and Player are both equally likely to choose rock, paper, or scissors. a. Give a probability model for this chance process. b. Find the probability that Player wins the game on the first throw .
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