Question

In the United States, there is a strong relationship between education and smoking: well-educated people are less likely to smoke. Does a similar relationship hold in France? To find out, researchers recorded the level of education and smoking status of a random sample of $459$French men aged $20to60$years. The two-way table displays the data.

Is there convincing evidence of an association between smoking status and educational level among French men aged$20to60$years?

Short answer

There is convincing evidence that there is association between education and smoking status.

Step-by-step solution

Step 1. Given information

Given:

Step 2. Explanation

The null and alternative hypotheses:

$H_0$: There is no association between education and smoking status.

$H_a$: There is association between education and smoking status.

Using excel,

Chi-square test statistic $=13.30$. The degrees of freedom $=6$and p-value $=0.0384$

Decision: P-value$<0.05$, reject H0.

Conclusion: There is convincing evidence that there is association between education and smoking status.