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Broken crackers We don’t like to find broken crackers when we open the package. How can makers reduce breaking? One idea is to microwave the crackers for 30seconds right after baking them. Randomly assign 65newly baked crackers to the microwave and another 65to a control group that is not microwaved. After 1day, none of the microwave group were broken and 16of the control group were broken. Let p1be the true proportions of crackers like these that would break if baked in the microwave and p2be the true proportions of crackers like these that would break if not microwaved. Check if the conditions for calculating a confidence interval forp1-p2met.

Short Answer

Expert verified

It is not suitable to find confidence interval forp1-p2

Step by step solution

01

Given Information

It is given that n1=65

x1=0

n2=65

x2=16

02

Explanation

Testing three conditions for hypothesis test:

Random: As they are assigned, it is satisfied.

Independent: Since all data values in population and used sample, this condition is satisfied.

Normal: There are zero success in first sample, it is not at least 10.

As normal condition is not met, we cannot find confidence intervalp1-p2

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Are TV commercials louder than their surrounding programs? To find out, researchers collected data on 50randomly selected commercials in a given week. With the television’s volume at a fixed setting, they measured the maximum loudness of each commercial and the maximum loudness in the first 30seconds of regular programming that followed. Assuming conditions for inference are met, the most appropriate method for answering the question of interest is

a. a two-sample t test for a difference in means.

b. a two-sample t interval for a difference in means.

c. a paired t test for a mean difference.

d. a paired t interval for a mean difference.

e. a two-sample z test for a difference in proportions.

Which of the following describes a Type II error in the context of this study?

a. Finding convincing evidence that the true means are different for males and females when in reality the true means are the same

b. Finding convincing evidence that the true means are different for males and females when in reality the true means are different

c. Not finding convincing evidence that the true means are different for males and females when in reality the true means are the same

d. Not finding convincing evidence that the true means are different for males and females when in reality the true means are different

e. Not finding convincing evidence that the true means are different for males and females when in reality there is convincing evidence that the true means are different.

A study of the impact of caffeine consumption on reaction time was designed to correct for the impact of subjects’ prior sleep deprivation by dividing the 24subjects into 12pairs on the basis of the average hours of sleep they had had for the previous 5 nights. That is, the two with the highest average sleep were a pair, then the two with the next highest average sleep, and so on. One randomly assigned member of each pair drank 2cups of caffeinated coffee, and the other drank 2cups of decaf. Each subject’s performance on a Page Number: 690standard reaction-time test was recorded. Which of the following is the correct check of the “Normal/Large Sample” condition for this significance test?

I. Confirm graphically that the scores of the caffeine drinkers could have come from a Normal distribution.

II. Confirm graphically that the scores of the decaf drinkers could have come from a Normal distribution.

III. Confirm graphically that the differences in scores within each pair of subjects could have come from a Normal distribution.

a. I only

b. II only

c. III only

d. I and II only

e. I, I, and III

Researchers want to evaluate the effect of a natural product on reducing blood pressure. They plan to carry out a randomized experiment to compare the mean reduction in blood pressure of a treatment (natural product) group and a placebo group. Then they will use the data to perform a test of H0:μTμP=0versus Ha:μTμP>0, where μT= the true mean reduction in blood pressure when taking the natural product and μP = the true mean reduction in blood pressure when taking a placebo for subjects like the ones in the experiment. The researchers would like to detect whether the natural product reduces blood pressure by at least 7points more, on average, than the placebo. If groups of size 50are used in the experiment, a twosample t test using α=0.01will have a power of 80%to detect a 7-point difference in mean blood pressure reduction. If the researchers want to be able to detect a 5-point difference instead, then the power of the test

a. would be less than 80%.

b. would be greater than 80%.

c. would still be 80%.

d. could be either less than or greater than 80%.

e. would vary depending on the standard deviation of the data

Which of the following statements is false?

a. A measure of center alone does not completely summarize a distribution of quantitative data.

b. If the original measurements are in inches, converting them to centimeters will not change the mean or standard deviation.

c. One of the disadvantages of a histogram is that it doesn’t show each data value.

d. In a quantitative data set, adding a new data value equal to the mean will decrease the standard deviation.

e. If a distribution of quantitative data is strongly skewed, the median and interquartile range should be reported rather than the mean and standard deviation.

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