Chapter 4: Q 120 (page 284)
Initial public offerings (1.3) The business magazine Forbes reports that
The mean of given data will be high affected by a few high stock prices change while median will be unaffected by few unusually high stock price changes and this causes mean to be much higher .
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I work out a lot Are people influenced by what others say? Michael conducted an experiment in front of a popular gym. As people entered, he asked them how many days they typically work out per week. As he asked the question, he showed the subjects one of two clipboards, determined at random. Clipboard A had the question and many responses written down, where the majority of responses were
a. Calculate the difference (Clipboard A – Clipboard B) in the mean number of days for the two groups. One hundred trials of a simulation were performed to see what differences in means would occur due only to chance variation in the random assignment, assuming that the responses on the clipboard don’t matter. The results are shown in the dotplot.
b. There is one dot at
c. Use the results of the simulation to determine if the difference in means from part (a) is statistically significant. Explain your reasoning.
Kissing the right way According to a newspaper article, “Most people are kissing the
‘right way.’” That is, according to a study, the majority of couples prefer to tilt their heads
to the right when kissing. In the study, a researcher observed a random sample of
kissing couples and found that
determine if these data provide convincing evidence that couples are more likely to tilt
their heads to the right,
Each dot in the graph shows the number of couples that tilt to the right in a simulated SRS
of
a. Explain how the graph illustrates the concept of sampling variability.
b. Based on the data from the study and the results of the simulation, is there convincing
evidence that couples prefer to kiss the “right way”? Explain your answer.
You wonder if TV ads are more effective when they are longer or repeated more often
or both. So you design an experiment. You prepare
camera. Your subjects all watch the same TV program, but you assign them at random
to four groups. One group sees the
it three times; the third group sees the
Which of the following best describes the design of this experiment?
a. This is a randomized block design, but not a matched pairs design.
b. This is a matched pairs design.
c. This is a completely randomized design with one explanatory variable (factor).
d. This is a completely randomized design with two explanatory variables (factors).
e. This is a completely randomized design with four explanatory variables (factors).
A simple random sample of 1200 adult Americans is selected, and each person is asked
the following question: “In light of the huge national deficit, should the government at this
time spend additional money to send humans to Mars?” Only 39% of those responding
answered “Yes.” This survey
a. is reasonably accurate because it used a large simple random sample.
b. needs to be larger because only about 24 people were drawn from each state.
c. probably understates the percent of people who favor sending humans to Mars.
d. is very inaccurate but neither understates nor overstates the percent of people who favor
sending humans to Mars. Because simple random sampling was used, it is unbiased.
e. probably overstates the percent of people who favor sending humans to Mars.
To investigate if standing up while studying affects performance in an algebra class, a teacher assigns half of the
Which of the following best describes this plan?
a. This is an observational study.
b. This is an experiment with blocking.
c. This is a completely randomized experiment.
d. This is a stratified random sample.
e. This is a cluster sample.
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