Chapter 5: Q 2.1. (page 305)
Make a two-way table that displays the sample space.
To determine if occurrences are independent and to approximate conditional probabilities, use the two-way table as a sample space.
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Find the probability that the computer is a laptop. Show your work.
Box of chocolates According to Forrest Gump, “Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re gonna get.” Suppose a candy maker offers a
special “Gump box” with chocolate candies that look the same. In fact, of the candies have soft centers and 6 have hard centers. Choose of the
candies from a Gump box at random.
(a) Draw a tree diagram that shows the sample space of this chance process.
(b) Find the probability that one of the chocolates has a soft center and the other one doesn’t.
Teens online We saw in an earlier example (page 319) that 93% of teenagers are online and that 55% of online teens have posted a profile on a social-networking site. Of online teens with a profile, 76% have placed comments on a friend’s blog. What percent of all teens are online, have a profile, and comment on a friend’s blog? Show your work.
Free downloads? Illegal music downloading has become a big problem: of Internet users download music files, and of downloaders say they
don’t care if the music is copyrighted.15 What percent of Internet users download music and don’t care if it’s copyrighted? Write the information given in terms of probabilities, and use the general multiplication rule.
Playing “Pick ” The Pick games in many state lotteries announce a four-digit winning number each day. You can think of the winning number as a four-digit group from a table of random digits. You win (or share) the jackpot if your choice matches the winning number. The winnings are divided among all players who matched the winning number. That suggests a way to get an edge.
(a) The winning number might be, for example, either or . Explain why these two outcomes have exactly the same probability.
(b) If you asked many people whether 2873 or is more likely to be the randomly chosen winning number, most would favor one of them. Use the information in this section to say which one and to explain why. How might this affect the four-digit number you would choose?
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