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Why do we generally prefer a probabilistic model to a deterministic model? Give examples for when the two types of models might be appropriate.

Short Answer

Expert verified

A deterministic model offers a single possible outcome for an event, whereas a probabilistic model offers a probability distribution as a solution.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction.

The outcome of a deterministic model is completely defined by the parameter settings and initial values, whereas probabilistic (or random) models integrate randomness into their approach.

02

Determine why do we choose probabilistic models over deterministic models?

A random element is included in a probabilistic model. Even with the identical beginning circumstances, the model is likely to provide different outcomes each time it is run. A probabilistic model involves some element of random variation. Probabilistic model When we cannot predict y exactly, we utilize a probabilistic model (there will be errors). Assume we wish to give a student a mark on a test depending on the number of hours he studied for the exam.

A deterministic model contains no random components. You will obtain the same results every time you run the model with the identical beginning circumstances. Deterministic model when we can exactly predict y, we employ a deterministic model (with no errors). Assume we wish to anticipate ticket sales at a performance based on the number of tickets sold.

Therefore, this is why probabilistic model is preferred over deterministic model.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Permeability of sandstone during weathering.Natural stone, such as sandstone, is a popular building construction material. An experiment was carried out to better understand the decay properties of sandstone when exposed to the weather (Geographical Analysis,Vol. 42, 2010). Blocks of sandstone were cut into 300 equal-sized slices and the slices randomly divided into three groups of 100 slices each. Slices in Group A were not exposed to any type of weathering; slices in Group B were repeatedly sprayed with a 10% salt solution (to simulate wetting by driven rain) under temperate conditions; and slices in Group C were soaked in a 10% salt solution and then dried (to simulate blocks of sandstone exposed during a wet winter and dried during a hot summer). All sandstone slices were then tested for permeability, measured in milliDarcies (mD). These permeability values measure pressure decay as a function of time. The data for the study (simulated) are saved in the STONEfile. Measures of central tendency for the permeability measurements of each sandstone group are displayed in the accompanying Minitab printout.

Descriptive Statistics: PermA, PermB, PermC

Variable

N

Mean

Median

Mode

N for Mode

PermA

100

73.62

70.45

59.9, 60, 60.1, 60.4

2

PermB

100

128.54

139.30

146.4, 146.6, 147.9, 148.3

3

PermC

100

83.07

78.65

70.9

3

The data contain atleast 5 mode value.

Only the smallest 4 are shown

a.Interpret the mean and median of the permeability measurements for Group A sandstone slices.

b.Interpret the mean and median of the permeability measurements for Group B sandstone slices.

c.Interpret the mean and median of the permeability measurements for Group C sandstone slices.

d.Interpret the mode of the permeability measurements for Group C sandstone slices.

e.The lower the permeability value, the slower the pressure decay in the sandstone over time. Which type of weathering (type B or type C) appears to result in faster decay?

Do the accompanying data provide sufficient evidence that a straight line is useful for characterizing the relationship between x and y?

X424324
Y165324

Stability of compounds in new drugs. Testing the metabolic stability of compounds used in drugs is the cornerstone of new drug discovery. Two important values computed from the testing phase are the fraction of compound unbound to plasma (fup) and the fraction of compound unbound to microsomes (fumic). A key formula for assessing stability assumes that the fup/fumic ratio is 1. Pharmacologists at Pfizer Global Research and Development investigated this phenomenon and reported the results in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters (Vol. 1, 2010). The fup/fumic ratio was determined for each of 416 drugs in the Pfizer database. An SPSS graph describing the fup/fumic ratios is shown below.

a. What type of graph is displayed?

b. What is the quantitative variable summarized in the graph?

c. Determine the proportion of fup/fumic ratios that fall above 1.

d. Determine the proportion of fup/fumic ratios that fall below .4

Give the slope and y-intercept for each of the lines graphed in Exercise 11.1.

Refer to Exercise 11.14. After the least-squares line has been obtained, the table below (which is similar to Table 11.2) can be used for (1) comparing the observed and the predicted values of y and (2) computing SSE.

a. Complete the table.

b. Plot the least-squares line on a scatterplot of the data. Plot the following line on the same graph:

y^= 14 - 2.5x.

c. Show that SSE is larger for the line in part b than for the least-squares line.

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