Question

Defects in new automobiles.Consider the following data from the automobile industry. All cars produced on a particular day were inspected for defects. The 145 defects found were categorized by type as shown in the accompanying table.

Defect Type	Number
Accessories Body Electrical Engine Transmission	50 70 10 5 10

a.Construct a Pareto diagram for the data. Use the graph to identify the most frequently observed type of defect.

b.All 70 car body defects were further classified as to type. The frequencies are provided in the following table. Form a Pareto diagram for the type of body defect. (Adding this graph to the original Pareto diagram of part a is called exploding the Pareto diagram.) Interpret the result. What type of body defect should be targeted for special attention?

Body Defect	Number
Chrome Dents Paint Upholstery Windshield	2 25 30 10 3

Short answer

a. Body defect

b.

Pareto diagram for body defect:

Pareto diagram for Paint:

Step-by-step solution

Constructing a Pareto diagram

First, we will arrange the data in descending order,

Now we will plot this data.

The most frequently observed defect is body defect.

Creating the Pareto diagram

Arranging the data in descending order,

Body defect is classified into various defects and the most common defect is paint followed by dents and upholstery. The least common problems with the body of a car are windshield and chrome.

As thefrequently repeated body defect is painted,it should be given special attention.