Question

Find the exact value of the six trigonometric functions of the angle $\theta$in each figure.

Short answer

Required values of the six trigonometric functions are:

$$\begin{gathered} \sin \theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$b$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$c$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$\sqrt{2}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\sqrt{3}$}\right. \\ \cos \theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$a$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$c$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\sqrt{3}$}\right. \\ \tan \theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$b$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$a$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$\sqrt{2}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$1$}\right.=\sqrt{2} \\ csc\theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$c$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$b$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$\sqrt{3}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\sqrt{2}$}\right. \\ sec\theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$c$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$a$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$\sqrt{3}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$1$}\right.=\sqrt{3} \\ cot\theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$a$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$b$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\sqrt{2}$}\right. \end{gathered}$$

Step-by-step solution

Step 1. Given information

Let us consider the hypotenuse as 'c' , opposite as 'b' and the adjacent as 'a' .

Pythagorean Theorem:

$c^2=a^2+b^2$, where a, b and c are adjacent, opposite and hypotenuse respectively.

Trigonometric Functions:

$$\begin{gathered} \sin \theta =\frac{b}{c}csc\theta =\frac{c}{b} \\ \cos \theta =\frac{a}{c}sec\theta =\frac{c}{a} \\ \tan \theta =\frac{b}{a}cot\theta =\frac{a}{b} \end{gathered}$$

Step 2. Calculation

$$\begin{gathered} Given, \\ b=\sqrt{2},a=1 \\ ByPythagoreantheorem, \\ {c}^2=b^2+a^2 \\ ={\left(\sqrt{2}\right)}^2+1^2 \\ =2+1 \\ =3 \\ c=\sqrt{3} \\ now, \\ \sin \theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$b$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$c$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$\sqrt{2}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\sqrt{3}$}\right. \\ \cos \theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$a$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$c$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\sqrt{3}$}\right. \\ \tan \theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$b$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$a$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$\sqrt{2}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$1$}\right.=\sqrt{2} \\ csc\theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$c$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$b$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$\sqrt{3}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\sqrt{2}$}\right. \\ sec\theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$c$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$a$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$\sqrt{3}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$1$}\right.=\sqrt{3} \\ cot\theta =\raisebox{1ex}{$a$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$b$}\right.=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\sqrt{2}$}\right. \end{gathered}$$